在电影《情如物证》中 In the movie Proof,
我们看到了一些著名演员的早期作品 you meet some familiar actors earlier in their career.
大家一定注意到了罗素·克洛 I'm sure you notice Russell Crowe.
这是他参演的第二部故事篇 This was the second feature film that he made.
他已经是一个极有魅力 He was already a very charming
又难伺候的年轻人 and very difficult young man.
我们也在《指环王》中见过 And we've already seen the man
扮演盲人马丁的演员 who plays Martin the blind man in the Lord of Rings
即《指环王》精灵之王埃尔隆多一角 where he played Elrond the king of the elves.
如果大家看过《黑客帝国》系列 Those of you seen the Matrix films,
同样也会看到雨果·维文这名演员 we'll remember Hugo Weaving as well.
我今天首先要给大家放一个片段 I'd like to start today by showing a small section of the movie.
先来介绍一下这个片段的背景 Let me just remind you where this fits in.
安迪是个很不受重视的年轻人 Andy, a rather unfocused young man,
在片中某个地方 who described himself
他说自己是个败家子 at one place of the movie as a black sheep,
他在一家意大利餐馆做服务生 is working as a bus boy at an Italian restaurant
遇到了盲人马丁 when he meets a blind man Martin
当时马丁不小心伤到了一只猫 when Martin inadvertently injures a cat
这是安迪在后廊养的 that Andy's been feeding in the back alley.
相互认识之后 After they get to know each other
他们很喜欢彼此作伴 they enjoy each other's company,
马丁很不寻常地是个盲人摄影师 Martin, rather unusually for a blind man as a photographer
他请求安迪帮他做一件事 and he asks Andy to help him in that endeavor
不像大家所想象的只是构图 not as you might have expected by framing the pictures,
而是描述照片中的内容 but rather by describing the photographs themselves.
安迪问马丁有没有让人给他描述过电影 Andy asks Martin if he's ever had movies described to him.
既然是个摄影师 It's a photographer
安迪就觉得他可能会对电影感兴趣 Andy figures he might be interested in that.
他们决定带马丁去看电影 They decide to give Martin a taste for the cinema
说到看电影时 马丁眉飞色舞 as Martin described it in his rather highbrow way.
不过他们没看什么高端大气的电影 They don't go to such a highbrow movie.
他们坐在车里看了部露天的恐怖片 They go to a drive-in Slasher flick.
这是部真实的影片 叫做《血月》 It's a real movie called Blood Moon
这片子没出过澳大利亚 that never made it out of Australia,
我想直接变成录影带了 and I think went straight to video tape.
这是影片概要中的第12部分 This is number 12 on the movie summary.
他们碰到好多倒霉的事情 They have a variety of misadventures
起因是安迪去了零售摊 when Andy goes off to the concession stand
他回忆自己是在问那儿的服务员 where he memorably ask the girl working there
什么食物对盲人有好处 what kind of food she thinks would be good for blind people.
这时候的马丁 Martin in the meantime
没了安迪给他讲解电影内容 without Andy there to describe to him what's going on
就开始无所事事地探索起车子来 starts to rather absent-mindedly explore the car
当然是用他的手指 of course with his fingers
这是他认识世界的方式 the way that he sees things.
于是发生了一个很不幸的意外 And in a rather unfortunate incident
他完全不知道自己在干嘛 without knowing what he's doing,
拿起了一袋安全套 he holds up a package of condoms
隔壁那辆车的人看到了 that the man in the car next to him drive in
认为这是个同性恋的挑衅 and takes to be an obscene invitation.
接着出现了打斗 A fight ensues
安迪和马丁必须 and Andy and Martin need
迅速离开这个露天影院 to beat a quick retreat from the drive-in.
我们将要看的就是这个情节 That's the scene that we'll be looking at.
哦 太好了 正是我们要的警察 Oh, great. Just what I need--the bloody police.
把手放方向盘上 Put your hands on the wheel.
-喂 靠边 -点头 -Hey, pull over! -Nod.
把你的脚从踏板上拿开 Get your feet away from the brake.
噢 该死 我流血了 Oh, fuck. I'm bleeding.
-你受伤了? -啊! -Are you hurt? -Whoa!
可恶 Shit!
就这样 我们下车 That's it. We're going down.
我的眼睛 我看不见了! My eyes. I can't see!
我看不见了! I can't see!
我想他把头撞方向盘上了 I think he hit his head on the steering wheel.
他的大脑可能受伤了 I think it's dislodged his brain.
谢谢 护士 Thanks, nurse.
安迪 Now, Andy...
呃 我有一个 well, I've got, uh...
不太好的消息 I've got bad news, actually.
你的朋友马丁 Your friend Martin is--
呃 医生们还在诊断他 Well, the doctors are still looking at him,...
不过他似乎是瞎了 but it looks like he's been blinded.
瞎了? Blinded?
见鬼 Shit.
你还好吗? You'll be all right?
还好 Yes.
谢谢 Thank you.
先生 Sir.
布莱恩 Brian.
你一直都是看不见的 You've been blind all your life.
我知道 I know.
那你怎么还要开车 What were you doing driving a car?
我忘了 I forgot.
"我忘了" "l forgot."
你的眼睛是蓝色的 They're blue. Your eyes.
是的 Yes.
为什么把它们藏起来? Why do you hide them?
它们不是真正的眼睛 Well, they're not real eyes,
只是一些坏死的组织 just defective tissue.
你看着我的眼睛 Look into my eyes,
可我的眼睛看不到你 but they won't look back.
你的眼睛什么颜色 What color are your eyes?
绿色 Green.
蓝色比绿色好看 Blue's better than green.
你想进来喝杯茶吗 Would you like to come in for some tea?
或者就呆一会 Or some port?
好啊 Yeah, I would.
你怎么知道什么时候停 How do you know when to stop?
听声音 The sound.
真不可思议 Fucking amazing.
给你 There you are.
谢谢 Thanks.
照片中的是谁 Who's that in the photograph?
哪张 Which photograph?
壁炉台上的那张老照片 The old one on the mantelpiece.
你怎么知道是老照片 Oh. How'd you know it's old?
看起来很旧 是黑白的 Looks old. It's black and white.
照片中的女士穿着老式的衣服 The lady in it has got old-fashioned clothes on.
-是你妈妈吗? -是的 -ls that your mum? -Yes.
那小孩儿是你? Is the kid you?
我一直认为他是 I always supposed so.
你从没见过你妈妈? You've never seen your own mum?
要不要我给你描述她什么样 Do you want me to describe her to you?
好的 All right.
她跟你不太像 She doesn't look like you.
是吗?别人一直都说像 Oh, really? People always said she did.
他们可能就是随便说说 Nah. They were probably just saying that.
你俩好像是在一个公园 Looks like the two of you are in a park.
你坐着 她的手臂搂着你 You're sitting down. She's got her arms around you.
你在看着别的地方 You're sort of looking away.
她有长长的白色手指 像个雕像知道吗 She's got long white fingers like a statue, you know?
看起来很年轻 She looks young.
也就二十八九岁的样子 Maybe twenty-eight, twenty-nine?
长长的黑发披在她肩头 With long, dark hair that's falling around her shoulders.
她看起来很苍白 She's very pale.
而你呢 And you--
脸上有斑点 短发 you're covered with freckles, and your hair is short.
她总是自己给我剪 She always cut it herself.
从来都不去理发店 I never went to a barber.
我从来都没和妈妈出去过 I never went out with my mother at all.
发现吗 她觉得带着我很丢人 She was embarrassed by me, you see?
她一直想要一个正常的小孩 She always wanted an ordinary child...
能和她做些正常的事情 that she could do ordinary things with...
可惜她生了我 only she got me.
谢谢 Thank you.
也许有一天我会给你看一张照片 One day, I might show you a photograph.
是我拍的第一张照片 那时十岁 It was the first one I ever took. I was ten.
还算不上真正的照片 It's not much of a photograph, really.
就是一个花园 It's just a garden...
通过我家的某一扇窗可以看到 that was visible through one of the windows in our flat...
但那是我拍过的最重要的照片 but it's the most important photograph I've ever taken.
每个早上 每个晚上 Every morning and every afternoon...
妈妈都会给我描述这个花园 my mother would describe this garden to me.
我通过她的眼睛看到了季节的变迁 I saw the seasons come and go through her eyes.
我总是一刻不停地问她 I used to question her so thoroughly...
总想发现她有没有骗我 always trying to catch her in a lie.
但从来没有 I never did.
不过通过拍照 But by taking the photo,
我知道总有一天会的 I knew that I could--one day.
你妈妈为什么要骗你呢 Why would your mother lie to you?
惩罚我是个盲人 To punish me... for being blind.
就算花园的事她骗了你 有关系吗 Does it really matter if she lied to you about some garden?
有 Yes.
这是我的世界 It was my world.
医生问马丁他为什么要去开车 When Martin answers the doctor's question of
马丁回答说 what he was doing driving a car
他忘了自己看不见 and he says that he forgot that he was blind.
这绝不简单是个笑话 there's more to that than simply the good joke.
对马丁而言 看不见意味着 For Martin, being blind means that
他一直都在寻求亲眼所见的证据 he's always seeking for an ocular proof
而这是他永远无法实现的 that he will never obtain.
他的失明使他失去信任的能力 His blindness has destroyed his ability to trust.
忘掉自己的失明 For Martin to forget his blindness
不仅意味着试图开车 means not only that he was trying to drive a car,
也意为着他愿意让安迪做自己的朋友 but also that he's let Andy become his friend.
马丁一直在试探每一个人 Martin is always testing everybody.
他一直在寻找证据 He's always looking for evidence.
这当然是种不自然的人类生活方式 This of course is an unnatural way for human being to live.
马丁的失明不是重点 It is not so much that Martin is blind.
他对人是否可信的不断叩问 It's that his demand for evidences in human
才使他成为了那样的他 that makes the man that he is.
这就能解释 It helps to account for
他为什么对西莉亚那么残忍 the specific cruelty that he inflicts on Celia,
他不准西莉亚帮助他或者爱他 the way that he refuses to let her help him or to love him.
他最不能容忍的就是被人可怜 He can stand everything but being pitied.
而他将任何的友情或者爱情 But he interprets every act of friendship or love
都解读为可怜他 as itself an act of pity.
马丁将他失明这种生理上的缺陷 Martin takes this physical weakness of his eyes,
视力的障碍 his inability to see,
变成了质疑生活中的一切的原因 as an occasion for doubting everything in his life.
如果大家刚好听了 Those of you who happen to hear
这周末的《新约》故事会 the Gospel reading just this weekend
那就听到了另外一个故事 heard another famous story about somebody
主人公也在寻求证据 who demanded evidence,
这就是《怀疑的汤玛斯》 the story of Doubting Thomas.
他朋友告诉他说 When his friends told him
我们看到了真正的耶稣的身体 we saw Jesus's body, we saw the real thing,
他说我才不信 he says I'll believe that
除非我用手探入他的钉痕 as soon as I could put my hands into his wounds.
不料几天后耶稣回来了 对汤玛斯说 And when lo and behold Jesus comes back and says Thomas
过来 把你的手插入我手上的洞 go ahead, put your fingers into the holes in my hands,
探入我的肋旁 probe the wound in my side.
怀疑的汤玛斯认识到 What doubting Thomas realizes is that
他并不是因为没有证据而怀疑 his doubt wasn't caused by a lack of evidence,
因为他回应道 我的主 我的神 because when he says my Lord and my God in response,
并不是因为他伸出了手 触摸了耶稣 it's not because he reached out and touched Jesus.
他一开始并没有验证说 He doesn't check out first and say
好吧 我想你应该就是耶稣 well I guess after all you really are Jesus.
相反 不敢相信事实的那种恐惧 Instead, a fearfulness to believe something
已经从他身上离去 has passed away from him.
有了这种认识和态度上的转变 And in light of that change in orientation or attitude,
摆脱或者说克服了那种恐惧 leaving behind that fearfulness or overcoming it,
汤玛斯最终接受了事实 Thomas now accepts
而不再索要证据 without asking for the evidence
此前非得有了证据 he had previously demanded
他才相信耶稣在他身边 that Jesus is there with him again.
《怀疑的汤玛斯》中 One of the more striking aspects
还有比较惊人的一点 of the story of Doubting Thomas
即耶稣并非是虚幻的形象 is that Jesus is there not as a hologram
或是灵魂 或是脱离肉体的精神 or as a soul or as a disembodied spirit.
他存在于荣耀的肉体中 He's there in a glorified body
不管这肉体什么样 whatever that might be.
我们对荣耀的肉体了解并不多 We don't know a lot about glorified bodies.
我们知道他们吃鱼 We know that they eat fish
在耶稣复活后的另一个故事中 as we see Jesus do on the shore
耶稣就在海岸上吃鱼 in another of the stories after his resurrection
我们还知道他们能穿墙 and we know that they can walk through walls.
但我们还知道另外一个 But we know one other very curious thing
关于荣耀的肉体的故事 about glorified bodies,
这种肉体我想是很多基督徒认为 bodies of the sort that I suppose Christians believe
他们死而复生后将拥有的肉体 they'll have after the resurrection of the dead.
我们知道荣耀的肉体中 We know that the things that seem to be wounds
现在看似伤痕的东西实际是种征兆 now in a glorified body are signs.
耶稣荣耀的身体还有这些伤痕 Jesus's glorified body still had the wounds.
这些伤痕看起来 The wounds were not,
仿佛是种不完美 但其实不是 as they must have seemed at the time, imperfections.
马丁把自己的失明 Martin's blindness is interpreted by him
解读成没人爱他的原因 as making him unlovable.
我想电影不希望我们认同 I do not think the movie intends us to accept
马丁对他母亲的认识 the Martin's interpretation of his mother.
马丁认为他母亲不爱他 Martin interprets his mother as not loving him
是因为他看不见 because of his blindness.
而恰恰是因为他害怕没有人爱他 Because he's full of fearfulness that he is unlovable.
他感觉自己不会被人爱 It's his feeling that he's unlovable
因此他对别人的爱会视而不见 that makes him blind to other people's love.
他宁可认为母亲 He would rather interpret his mother
不爱他 在操控他 as not loving him, as manipulating him
也不愿认为自己依赖母亲的爱 than to have to rely on her love.
因此他不断追寻证据 So his constant search for evidence
也是在追寻自我依赖 is also a search for a kind of self-reliance,
试图寻找怎样可以不依赖别人 for a way of not depending on other people.
所以让马丁与众不同的 So that what makes Martin distinctive
并不是他的眼睛能不能看到 is not so much that his eyes see or don't see.
而是他那种可怕的对独立自足的追寻 It's that he's a kind of monster of self-sufficiency.
也因此他无法接受别人的爱 And therefore unable to accept love from other people.
这种心理问题通过生理缺陷来表现 The fact that this comes to us as a physical deformity
你可能会说在这个故事中只是巧合 you might say is accidental to the story.
希望亲眼所见 就像奥赛罗一样 The demand for ocular proof, Othello's demand,
在这部电影中 appears in this movie
就是从另一种角度去阐释 as another exploration of the way
孩子是每个人的老师这个观点 that the child is father to the man,
这一点我们在 something that we saw for example
《理发师的情人》中探讨过 in the Hairdresser's Husband.
某种儿时的恐慌 The way that a certain childhood fearfulness
或像安东尼那样 or in the case of Antoine
某种儿时的美好期许 a certain childhood optimism
可能渗透到成人之后的方方面面 can permeate everything in our adult lives,
改变我们对爱情的认识 can change the ways in which we love.
这是这部电影的一个主题 It's a part of the theme of this particular movie.
从影片自身来看 即对于马丁 Now from the inside, that is to Martin,
他的怀疑和不确定 his suspicions and his doubts
似乎是世上最自然不过的事 seem the most natural things in the world.
但在旁人眼里他是疯子 是不能理解的 But to everybody else they seem lunatic, impossible.
但我们自己也有这样失明的时候 But that's the way it is with our own blindnesses.
如果我们选择不必相信别人 If we would prefer not to have to trust other people,
如果我们要保存自我封闭的自足感 if we would preserve our sense of our own self-sufficiency,
付出的代价常常是失去对别人的信任 it will often enough be at the cost of our trust of others.
在影片最后 We see at the end of the movie
马丁终于战胜了他信任感的缺失 Martin coming to terms with his lack of trustfulness.
他不想再接受西莉亚的帮助 He's no longer willing to preserve the helpfulness of Celia
不想再拒绝她的爱 at the cost of holding off her love.
既然他不接受她的爱 He does not accept her love
就解雇了她 不再雇佣她 and so he fires her, he no longer employs her.
想想马丁最初让安迪 Remember that when Martin first asks Andy
给他描述照片的时候 to describe his pictures to him,
提出要付钱给安迪 he offers to pay Andy to do
安迪说绝对不行 that and Andy says no way.
马丁觉得安迪的意思是 And Martin thinks that Andy means
不 我不想给你描述照片 no I won't describe the pictures for you.
但安迪的意思当然是说 But of course what Andy meant is
我绝不会因为帮助朋友的举手之劳 I would never take money for doing something
就收他的钱 that's just an act of friendliness.
可见马丁试图用金钱的关系 So Martin tries to use monetary relationships
让别人处在他的掌控之下 to hold people at arms and legs,
让他们的关系可以控制 to make that relationship controllable,
而将所有的感激排除在外 to squeeze all the gratitude out of it.
不谈友情谈交易 This move from friendliness to contract
以此作为控制的方法 as an instrument of control,
将一种虚假的透明引入人与人的关系 a way of introducing a kind of false clarity into a relationship
这个主题会让我们想到 is a theme that we'll remember
我们课程看的第一部电影 from the very first thing that we saw in this course,
即电影《异域夜店》 the movie Exotica.
因此我们在马丁身上看到了 So we see brought together in Martin
一系列有趣的特质 a number of interesting features
这些特质分散在我们看过的其他电影 that we've seen distributed through some of the other movies
以及读过的文本中 and texts that we've been looking at.
它们在这部电影中通过生理缺陷的载体而体现 But they are brought home here in a physical embodiment,
这种体现貌似是伤痕 an embodiment that looks like a wound,
实则是一种征兆 but turns out to be a sign.
毕竟 遮蔽自己的眼睛并非难事 It's not after all so very difficult for all of us to be blind
只有当我们邀请朋友进入自己的生活 and it's only when we let a friend into our lives
我们才能忘记自己的失明 that we forget that blindness.
这部电影的成功 The accomplishment of this movie
并非是它让马丁成了一个让人喜爱的人 is not that it makes Martin a likable person
尽管对我而言 我必须承认 although for me, I must say
到最后 他身上确实有让人喜爱的地方 by the end there is something about him very likable.
电影的成功在于对马丁的塑造 It's that he makes him a person
让我们觉得离我们自己并不遥远 we don't see any more as different from us.
我们不能简单下结论 We cannot write him off as
你要是患有生理残疾的话 "well that's what it's like
自然就是这个样子 if you have a particular physical handicap."
他的残疾不仅仅是生理上的 The handicap that he has is not primarily a physical one.
电影对观众产生的效果 The way that the movie works on us
就是让我们进入马丁对世界的认识 is to make us enter into Martin's own experience of the world
以此 and therefore
消除我们和马丁的距离感 to break down our sense of his difference from us.
电影中声音和画面同样重要 In this movie the sound is as important as the pictures.
导演乔斯林给我们展现了 The director Jocelyn Moorhouse has given us some scenes
一些伴随着声响的画面 where the sound is played up
因此我们对画面的感受 so that our experience of the scene
通过回荡着的特别的声音而获得 comes through the distinctive sounds going on
比如在马丁家里 say in Martin's apartment
他听到淋浴滴水的声音 when he hears the drip of a shower,
或者他听到香烟灰弹落的声音 or when he hears the flick of the cigarette ash.
导演让我们这样的观众 By inviting us as movie goers
获得和马丁一样的体验 to have an experience like that of Martin,
由此让我们对影片的思考 the director has tried to make the thoughtfulness of the movie
不只是停留在对马丁的怜悯上 not a study in our pity for Martin,
而是让我们去思考 but instead a study of the way that
马丁生理的失明告诉我们 Martin's physical blindness can show us something
我们在爱情过程中也可能失明 about our own blindness in the course of love.
怀疑的汤玛斯克服了自己的怀疑 When doubting Thomas overcame his doubts,
但他能克服 he didn't overcome his doubts
不是因为耶稣给了他新证据 because Jesus gave him new evidence.
他之所以能克服 He overcame his doubts
是因为他现在能够拿起十字架 because now he was ready to take up a certain kind of cross,
接受一种使命和召唤 a certain kind of mission or call.
也许对我们所有人来说 It might be that for all of us,
要想能真正爱一个人 to get to the point of really loving somebody else,
我们也需要去接受某种东西 we too have to accept something
比如一种使命 呼唤 或是号召 that looks like a vocation, like a vocalization, like a call.
这种接受当然是 And that kind of acceptance is bound to
从以前的我们那个角度来看 look from the point of view of our previous self
就像在没有足够证据的时候跃进黑暗 like a leap into the dark without enough evidence.
但在爱情上 But when it comes to love,
我们每次讨要证据 every time we ask for evidence,
也应当同时质问自己的恐惧 we should also interrogate our fears.
这个问题我们将在 We'll take up this question
下周三《会饮篇》的最后一篇演讲中讨论 in the last speech of the Symposium on Wednesday.
再见 See you then.