彼得·杰克逊宣布 When Peter Jackson announced
要把托尔金的小说 that they were making the movies of J.R. Tolkien's
《指环王》拍成电影时 great novel the Lord of the Rings,
我和众多 I was among the thousands and probably millions of
《指环王》的读者一样 Lord of the Rings' readers
持强烈怀疑态度 who were deeply skeptical
因为早先有人把小说做成动画 having seen some of the earlier attempts
并不成功 to turn Tolkien into cartoons.
但看了第一部电影之后 When I went to see the first movie,
我非常惊讶 I was absolutely amazed at
杰克逊找到了成功的办法 how successfully Jackson had found a way
把小说转换成影像 to visualize Tolkien's novel.
这种成功并非体现在开场 And particularly, not so much the opening scene
不是那些战争场面 which is all battle stuff;
而是当他们来到夏尔郡 but when they got to the Shire,
霍比特人居住的地方 to the land of the Hobbits,
我想托尔金看到杰克逊的画面 it seems to me that Tolkien would have been very pleased
也会非常开心的 to see what Peter Jackson had accomplished.
只要不是狭隘偏执的人 So only somebody who was unusually churlish, or obsessive,
都会十分感谢 could fail to be grateful, it seems to me,
杰克逊的电影 to Peter Jackson's accomplishment.
尽管如此 That said,
电影对小说的改变 the transformation of Tolkien's vision in the movie
却连续不断 自成体系 引人注意 is persistent, systematic, and striking.
更笼统地说 To put this at its most general,
尽管杰克逊有很好的初衷 I would say that Jackson, has despite his good intensions,
却把小说中超俗神圣的一面 transformed Tolkien's transcendent and sacramental dimension
变成了普通动作英雄片的套路 into the regular constraints of mere action heroes.
在很多方面 So that in many ways
阿拉贡 佛罗多等角色 the figures of Aragorn, or of Frodo,
更像是 become much more like
我们期待在20世纪30-50年代 the characters we might have expected
美国西部片中看到的 say in an American western of the 1930s to the 1950s,
而远离了托尔金自己的认识 than they are in Tolkien's own conception in the novel.
我们首先就来看这一点 I'd like to start out by looking at that aspect
即小说在变成电影过程中有哪些变化 of the transformation of the novel into the movies,
或者可以说 the way that in a certain sense,
托尔金的一些原意 there's something in Tolkien,
一种关于人类生存的 something that's open to a kind of sacred
神圣的 圣礼般的要素 or sacramental dimension of human life
在电影中多少被删去了 that is more or less excised from the movie
或至少不那么突出了 or that at least is flattened out.
我们先来看书中的一章 I'll start with the chapter in the book,
也是电影中的一个小标题 it's also the title of the subsection of the movie
叫做《凯兰崔尔之镜》 called the Mirror of Galadriel.
对故事熟悉的人应该知道 Those of you familiar with the story will remember
护戒同盟队 that after the fellowship of the ring
穿过摩瑞亚矿坑之后 passes through the mountain, through the Mines of Moria
当时他们已经痛失队长甘道夫巫师 with the disaster of losing their leader, the wizard Gandalf,
来到了魔法森林罗斯洛立安 they arrive at an enchanted wood, Lothlórien
森林由一对高级精灵夫妇守护 that's protected by a high elven couple.
女首领是凯兰崔尔 The queen is Galadriel
由凯特·布兰切特扮演 played by Cate Blanchett
在影片中表现抢眼 with such memorable force in the movie.
我们先来看看在这个地方 Let me start by just reminding you of the way
托尔金的故事是如何进展的 that Tolkien tells this particular piece of the story.
弗罗多带着强力魔戒 Frodo, who's carrying the Ring of Power,
跟着他的山姆在影片中是个忠诚助手的形象 and his trusted side kid Sam as he turns out to be in the movie,
小说中对他的描写更为细致 he's much more clearly in the book distinguished
说他比佛罗多年轻很多 both by being much younger than Frodo
且来自一个比佛罗多低得多的 and by being of a distinctive lower class,
社会阶层 social class than Frodo.
这一点在电影中毫无体现 This is something the movie completely erases
原因之一可能是选了一个年轻演员 partly by choosing such a young actor
伊利亚·伍德来扮演佛罗多 Elijah Wood to play Frodo.
佛罗多和山姆这个时候意识到 Frodo and Sam are at the point where they realize
他们需要离开罗斯洛立安森林 they'll need to be leaving Lothlórien
继续他们危险的 and continuing with their dangerous
甚至无望的行程 and indeed disparate journey.
凯兰崔尔之镜的一幕 And the scene with the mirror of Galadriel
让我们看到了霍比特人对魔力的体验 shows us their experience, the Hobbits' experience of magic,
特别是精灵的魔力 and particularly of elven magic.
所以我们首先 So what I'd like to do first
来看一个小片段 is to show the clip from the movie
看看杰克逊如何阐释这个情节 to see how Peter Jackson realizes this particular episode
之后再回到小说 and then to go through a little bit
看看同样的场景有什么不同 what happens in the novel in this scene.
凯兰崔尔之镜的场景 After I use the mirror of Galadriel
是用来说明影片如何淡化或删去了 to illustrate this general flattening of or removal
托尔金小说中 of something sacramental,
一些圣礼般的 超脱的要素 something transcendent from Tolkien in the movie,
之后我们会关注影片中 I then want to turn to the love story
亚玟和阿拉贡的爱情故事 of Arwen and Aragorn in the movie.
你想看看这镜子吗? Will you look into the mirror?
我会看见什么? What will I see?
连最有智慧的智者也不知道 Even the wisest cannot tell
这镜子会 For the mirror
显现出许多事 shows many things
过去的 Things that were
现在的 things that are
还有一些 and some things
尚未发生的事 that have not yet come to pass
我知道你看见了什么 I know what it is you saw
因为在我心中我也看见了 For it is also in my mind
假如你失败了 这就是将发生的事 It is what will come to pass if you should fail
护戒同盟将会瓦解 The Fellowship is breaking
现在已经开始了 It is already begun
他会试图拿走魔戒 He will try to take the Ring
你知道我说的是谁 You know of whom I speak
一个接一个 它会毁灭所有的人 One by one, it will destroy them all
如果你想要的话 If you ask it of me
我可把这魔戒给你 I will give you the One Ring
你真的无条件给我这魔戒? You offer it to me freely?
我不否认我是多么渴望拥有它 I do not deny that my heart has greatly desired this
替代黑暗之君 你将会有一个女皇 In place of a Dark Lord, you would have a queen
晨曦般美丽又令人敬畏 not dark but beautiful, and terrible as the dawn!
像海一般汹涌 Treacherous as the sea!
比大地的盘石更加坚固 Stronger than the foundations of the earth!
所有的人都会爱我 All shall love me
却又失去一切希望 and despair
我通过了考验 I pass the test.
我将随历史消逝 I will diminish.
回到西方 and go into the West
继续保有凯兰崔尔女皇的称号 and remain Galadriel
我一个人完成不了 I cannot do this alone
你是魔戒的持有人 佛罗多 You are a Ring-bearer, Frodo
手持魔戒的人 To bear a Ring of Power
就注定孤独 is to be alone
这是南雅 钻石魔戒 This is Nenya, the Ring of Adamant.
我是它的拥有者 And I'm its keeper.
这是你的命运 This task was appointed to you
假如你也无法完成 And if you do not find a way
就再也没有人了 no one will
我知道我该怎样做了 Then I know what I must do
只是... It's just...
我还是害怕去做 I'm afraid to do it
就算是最不起眼的人也能改变未来! Even the smallest person can change the course of the future
就电影制作而言 这一段非常棒 Now, that's a great piece of movie making,
但其对小说的阐释 but it's also a culturally extremely
也有极强的文化影响 influential interpretation of Tolkien's novel
因为大部分人会记住电影画面 because more people will remember that scene
而不是小说情节 than will remember the chapter.
电影对小说的改编有什么引人注意的? What's so striking about the transformation in the scene?
这样的地方有很多 Well there are so many of them.
我来举几个例子 Let me go through a few.
尽管在这个地方 Despite the fact that this is the place
电影已经很忠实于小说了 where the movie stays very close to Tolkien's book,
却完全改变了小说的意境 it utterly transforms the feel of the scene.
它向我们很好地证明了 It's a wonderful illustration
阅读细节有多重要 of how important reading in detail is,
要找到具体的文本在哪里 finding the specific texture of a particular text.
小说中是这么开始的 Here is how this scene begins in Tolkien.
一天傍晚 One evening,
佛罗多和山姆一起走在凉爽的黄昏里 Frodo and Sam were walking together in the cool twilight.
好好回味一下这句话 Just think of that sentence.
首先是 一天傍晚 First of all, one evening.
而电影中 In the movie,
是在黑夜中 人们都睡得香的时候 it's in the dark of night and people are sound asleep.
这种差异是巨大的 The difference between
一边是几乎在午夜 setting the scene more or less at midnight
另一边是在傍晚 and setting the scene in the evening is tremendous.
在托尔金的小说中 Evening is, within Tolkien's book,
尤其是在这个场景中 and particularly within this scene,
傍晚正是星星逐渐可见的时候 evening is exactly that time at which the stars become visible.
而在杰克逊的处理中 There are no stars anywhere
完全没有星星的踪影 in Peter Jackson's way of showing the scene.
托尔金笔下的星星 But the stars for Tolkien
是在地球之外 世俗东西之外 are the reference point beyond earth,
给人指引的 beyond merely earthly things.
傍晚的星星反反复复地 The evening star particularly occurs over and over again
出现在小说始终 throughout the novel
给人印象最深的是 perhaps most memorably
山姆看到它从云端悄悄出现 when Sam sees it peek out of the clouds
那是个黑暗的场景 at the dark moment once
他们正在死亡之地魔多 they are in the land of death, the land of Mordor.
所以小说中星星出现的 So this entire reference to the moment
时间含义在电影中消失了 when the stars come out is lost in the movie,
而被转变成了灵魂的黑夜 is transformed instead into the dark night of the soul,
尤其是孤独的冒险者的黑夜 and particularly of the lone adventurer.
小说中佛罗多是和山姆在一起的 So that instead of Frodo and Sam having this experience,
电影中只剩佛罗多一个人 it isolates Frodo
一个健壮的战士 独斗的英雄 as the rugged individualist, the self-sufficient hero.
再来看片段结尾处的一句话 And the emphasis at the end of Peter Jackson's scene,
手持魔戒的人注定是孤独的 "to be a ring bearer is to be alone.
你要是不做 就没人会做 If you don't do it, nobody will do it."
这话在书中也出现过 Those particular words are actually spoken
《埃尔隆多的会议》一章的结尾 at the end of The Council of Elrond in the book,
是埃尔隆多对佛罗多说的话 by Elrond to Frodo,
至少含有这个意思 at least a version of those words.
但那儿的语境是 But the context there is that
佛罗多不必担心一人作战 Frodo doesn't have to worry about doing it alone
因为他有朋友可以依靠 because he's going to have friends to depend on.
这一点也可以说 That's the point in some ways of the way
是托尔金讲这段故事的用意 that Tolkien tells this bit of the story as well.
佛罗多有山姆作伴 It's Frodo with Sam,
他单打独斗是无法完成的 it's something Frodo couldn't do as a lone individual.
而为了将佛罗多打造成一个西部英雄 So to tart up Frodo as a kind of American western hero,
像疯狂的麦克斯那样 a mad Max-kind of guy,
就要更多地让他一个人出场 you have to isolate him more,
这样就能表现出更多英雄的力量 because that makes him more powerful as a hero,
使他灵魂的黑夜 and makes the dark night of his soul
更符合动作英雄片的套路 more typical of an action hero in the movie.
但是距离托尔金自己的理解 But it makes him much less like the way
却越来越远 Tolkien understands him.
再看一点 还是这句话中 Notice one other thing—this first sentence here.
一天傍晚 One evening,
佛罗多和山姆一起走在凉爽的黄昏里 Frodo and Sam were walking together in the cool twilight.
也就是说 This is,
佛罗多和山姆处在傍晚的凉爽中 Frodo and Sam go walking in the cool of the evening.
这个特别的画面 Now this particular image,
尤其是这个表达"傍晚的凉爽中" and indeed, the particular phrase "in the cool of the evening,"
有很深的文化内涵 is culturally very loaded,
我想大家最近都读到过它 because, as I'm sure all of you saw recently,
出现在《创世纪》第三章第八节 it appears in the eighth verse of the third chapter of Genesis.
这是上帝所做的事 It's what God is doing
上帝走在傍晚的凉爽中 God is walking in the cool of the evening
碰到了亚当和夏娃 when he comes across Adam and Eve
于是他们发现自己赤身裸体 and they know they're naked.
很明显 这片精灵的森林 Now clearly the elven forest,
这片魔法森林罗斯洛立安 the enchanted forest of Lothlórien
被当做了一个伊甸园 is projected to us as a kind of Eden,
是山姆和佛罗多 an Eden that Sam and Frodo are
即将离开的伊甸园 on the verge of needing to depart from,
他们的离开 to depart from...
原因之一是 for one reason,
佛罗多带着这个邪恶的强力魔戒 because Frodo has this evil ring of power,
在这个场景的最后 and in the end of this scene,
他还有一种特殊的知识 we find out he also has a special kind of knowledge
只有魔戒持有者才知道 that only a ring bearer has.
因此小说中对《创世纪》的影射 So that the resonances with the Genesis story
在杰克逊的电影塑造中也没有了 are also lost in Peter Jackson's reformulation of the telling.
我已经提过傍晚的星星 I've mentioned the importance of the evening star
在托尔金的故事中非常重要 in the way that Tolkien tells the story.
这一点尤其突出地表现在 The way that this happens, take it striking way
山姆身上 is when Sam,
在书中他首先 who's the first one to look
看了凯兰崔尔之镜 into the mirror of Galadriel in the book
他说他想往镜子里看看 decides that he'll take a peek in
因为他想知道精灵的魔力 because he wants to see the magic of the elves.
这是在 This is on the second page
我发给大家的讲义上的第二页 if you've god the version in the handout I gave you.
从上往下四分之一的地方 Sam says—this is maybe a quarter down the page.
山姆说 He says,
女王 您可愿意让我看一眼 "I'll have a peep, Lady, if you're willing."
接着他转身对佛罗多说 And he says, this is an aside to Frodo,
要是能看到家里发生了什么就最好 "And I'd not mind a glimpse of what's going on at home.
我似乎已经离开很久了 It seems a terrible long time that I've been away.
不过很有可能就看到些星星 But there, like as not I'll only see the stars,
或是我理解不了的东西 or something that I won't understand."
对山姆来说 Now, Sam when he thinks of the fact that
眼前有这么一滩水可以往里看 he's got this pool of water he's going to look into,
他只想到水会反射天空 he thinks of what's reflected in the sky.
就看到些星星 "I'll only see the stars."
凯兰崔尔是什么反应呢? What is Galadriel's response to this?
她说 有可能 女王边说边温和地笑了 She says, "Like as not," said the Lady with a gentle laugh.
她笑了 She laughs.
你能想象凯特·布兰切特在电影中笑吗? Can you imagine Cate Blanchett laughing in that scene?
杰克逊电影中的凯兰崔尔 Peter Jackson's Galadriel in this scene
比托尔金笔下的黑暗的多 is very much darker than Tolkien's Galadriel.
为了让她显得严肃可怕 To make her serious, and to make her sad,
杰克逊就不能让她笑 Peter Jackson had to prevent her from laughing.
她为什么对山姆笑呢? Why does she laugh at Sam?
她笑是因为 She laughs at Sam because
山姆没有意识到 Sam doesn't realize that
如果他朝水中看去 if he looked into this bowl of water
看到天上星星的倒影 and saw the reflection of a star,
那就看到了全世界 he would see one of the most sacred things
最神圣的东西之一 there is in the entire world.
山姆是个很棒的人 Sam's a wonderful guy,
但还无法完全领悟 but he doesn't fully appreciate
他所处的这段传奇的神圣性 the sacredness of the tale that he's inside of.
因此才会出现 So that's part of the movement,
凯兰崔尔笑这个举动 of Galadriel's laughing.
结果山姆看到的画面之一 Now what Sam sees is a vision of,
是夏尔郡的画面 among other things, the Shire.
看到这个画面 This vision of Sam's,
表明山姆 this vision that shows Sam
多少纠缠在世俗的关切中 as somehow contained within earthly concerns,
尽管他爱着 even though he has a love for...
或者关注着世界以外的东西 concerns that go beyond the mere earth.
山姆的这种世俗性 This earthiness of Sam
在电影中被转移到了佛罗多身上 is transferred in the movie to Frodo,
细想一下我们就能看到这一做法煞费苦心 an extraordinary move when you think about it that way.
山姆的世俗性转移到了佛罗多身上 So, Sam's earthiness is displaced into Frodo,
但这样看起来还不够像英雄 but it wouldn't look heroic enough,
因为山姆看到的 because all that Sam sees
只是树被砍了 建起了新的锯木厂 is trees being cut down and a new sawmill built.
他看到了夏尔郡不光彩的一面 He sees the uglification of the Shire,
工业化的一面 the industrialization of it.
而佛罗多在电影中看到的 What Frodo sees in the movie is,
更给人一种英雄感和邪恶感 making this heroic and evil,
他看到夏尔郡在遭受奴役 he sees the enslavement of the Shire.
影片在这里又一次 So once again, the movie
被迫向英雄主义靠近 is forced to tart up into heroism,
而英雄主义在小说中并没有很多体现 something that in the novel is much more restrained,
但小说中却有感人的一面 but at the same time very moving,
即看到了对自然环境的破坏 the sense of a loss of natural environment
作为园丁的山姆是能够感知到的 that Sam the gardener can fully appreciate
尽管他还没法领悟星星的内涵 even if he can't appreciate what a star is.
山姆看过镜子后 After Sam has had his peep into the mirror,
凯兰崔尔女王问佛罗多 the lady Galadriel asks Frodo
他想不想看看 if he now wants to look and Frodo says
这是在讲义的第三页 this is on the third page if you got the handout version.
他回答说 你建议我看吗 He says, "Do you advise me to look?"
凯兰崔尔说的话很重要 And it's very important that Galadriel says,
不 我不能劝告你做这还是做那 "No. I do not counsel you one way or the other.
我不是一个顾问 I am not a counselor."
在同一章的早些时候 This has been emphasized earlier on
这一点已经强调过 in the same chapter.
要说明的是 The point is that
这镜子能让人获取知识 the mirror gives us a kind of knowledge,
但这种知识 but not the kind of knowledge
不是让人用于控制过去的生活的 that lets us just control our passing life.
而杰克逊 Peter Jackson, instead,
直接让凯兰崔尔成了一个顾问 makes Galadriel directly into a counselor.
她通过心灵感应术说 She says by telepathy that
他会夺走这枚魔戒 he's going to try to take the ring...
你知道他想夺走它 "You know he's going to try to take.
要小心 要谨慎 Look out! Be careful!"
探索过程中有些东西 So he strips away this whole sense
是无法置于人类的控制之下的 that there's something about the quest
这含义在电影中丧失了 that cannot be brought under human control.
山姆所见... What's Sam sees doesn't...
佛罗多所见 or what Frodo sees rather
与夏尔郡毫无关系 has nothing to do with the Shire,
与山姆所见也毫无关系 with what Sam saw.
佛罗多见到的是一些零碎的画面 What Frodo sees are some disconnected scenes
关于魔戒由来和努曼诺尔衰落的 of the long, narrative history of the ring
漫长历史 and of the fall of Númenor.
因此佛罗多看到的不是此时此地的世界 So that what Frodo sees is not the here and now the earthly;
而是不可思议的历史进程 what he sees is the incredible historical extent of the story
而他只是历史中的一小部分 in which he's just one little present part.
佛罗多把自己放在更宏大 So this whole aspect of Frodo understanding himself
更超脱的框架中去认识自己 within this much wider, more transcendent frame of reference
这一点在电影中也丧失了 is lost in the movie
以将他表现为一个单打独斗的英雄 in order to isolate him as a kind of hero.
最后 佛罗多打算把魔戒给凯兰崔尔 Finally, when Frodo offers Galadriel the ring
他在书中也是这么做的 he does this in the book too.
电影中 凯特·布兰切特 In the movie, Cate Blanchett
以弗兰肯斯坦式的步伐靠近魔戒 goes into some Frankenstein like walk toward the ring.
而书上是这么写的 Here's what happens in the book.
佛罗多说 Frodo says,
你是充满智慧 无所畏惧的美丽女王 "You are wise and fearless and fair, Lady Galadriel,
你若想要 我将把这至尊魔戒给你 I will give you the One Ring, if you ask for it.
因我难以驾驭它 It is too great a matter for me."
凯兰崔尔突然清晰地笑了起来 Galadriel laughed with a sudden clear laugh.
这是她第二次笑了 It's the second time in the scene that she's laugh.
她再次笑是因为这个霍比人 And she laughs again because one of the Hobbits
不明白他自己刚说了什么 doesn't fully appreciate what he's just said.
她笑了 她没有被欲望所控制 She laughs; she's not overcome with a desire,
欲望考验了她 she's been tested by that desire,
但她战胜了欲望 but she's not now facing it.
所以到最后 And so at the very end again,
在最后一页的上面 this is near the top of the last page,
她又笑了 she laughs again.
在穿越的画面中看到了 After this transforming vision where
力量和伟大之后 you see your power and greatness,
她又笑了 she laughs again.
事实上 唯一真正孤独的人 Indeed, the only figure who's emphasized as alone
是这时的凯兰崔尔 is Galadriel at the moment
因为她要去考虑那诱惑是什么 when she's thinking through what the temptation would be,
因为她是唯一被照亮的人 that she would be the only person in the spotlight.
所以托尔金故事中描写的孤独 So aloneness in the way that Tolkien tells the story
是伴随诱惑而来的 is a feature of a temptation
因强大力量的诱惑而产生的孤独 to a certain kind of prideful power.
而这种孤独并非英雄们 It is not a central part of the way
认识自己的核心部分 the heroes understand themselves.
因此这个场景 So this scene,
尽管和原作很接近 despite how close it stays in its way to the movie,
却对小说中的主题 represents an extraordinary transformation
做了很大的改变 of the themes of the book
以使电影更像一个英雄故事 in order to make the movie more of a hero story,
或至少更接近 or at least a story that coheres more
一般人对于英雄动作片的期待 with our typical views of what an action hero would be.
接下去要给大家播放的一些画面 Now what I want to play for you now are a couple of scenes
是电影 where the movie
最不忠实于原作的部分 departs the farthest from the letter of the book,
但却保留了一些 but yet it seems to me retrieves some of
托尔金笔下的超脱神圣的精髓 that transcendent and sacramental spirit of Tolkien.
最不忠实于原作的地方 So the place where it's farthest from the book,
就是开始出现精灵亚纹与阿拉贡 namely in the introduction of the romance story
浪漫爱情故事的部分 of Arwen the elf maiden and Aragorn,
我感觉杰克逊 it seems to me that Peter Jackson
以及两个女性 and particularly the two women
弗兰和菲利帕 Fran Walsh and Philippa Boyens
她们也参与了剧本创作 who are the co-writers,
他们找回了托尔金确实想表达的一个方面 they have returned to an aspect that's really there in Tolkien
尽管故事中没有明确地写出来 even though it's not exactly there in the form of the story.
要放的第一个片段 So the first little clip I want to show you
取自电影第一部 大约一分半钟长 it's about a minute and a half from the first movie
我们第一次看到了亚纹 where we are first introduced to the romance
和阿拉贡之间的爱情故事 between Arwen Evenstar and Aragorn.
还记得我们第一次见面吗? Do you remember when we first met?
我还以为当时我是在做梦 I thought I had strayed into a dream
已经过了这么多年了 Long years have passed
你当时无忧无虑逍遥自在的 You did not have the cares you carry now
还记得我当初说的话吗? Do you remember what I told you?
你说你会嫁给我 You said you'd bind yourself to me
并放弃精灵族永垂不朽的生命 forsaking the immortal life of your people
到现在我还是会这样做 And to that I hold
我宁愿和你共度短暂的一生 I would rather share one lifetime with you
也不愿孤零零的一个人活在这个世界上 than face all the Ages of this world alone
我选择和你共度一生 I choose a mortal life
你不能为我这样放弃永生 You cannot give me this
我有权为我的一生做决定 It is mine to give to whom I will
就像把我的心给你一样 like my heart
这是影片刚引出他俩之间的爱情 That's the introduction to the romance
一个是永生的精灵亚纹 between Arwen the elf, who of course is immortal,
另一个是长寿 and Aragorn, a long-lived man,
但终有一死的阿拉贡 but a man nonetheless who will die.
亚纹誓言要放弃永生 And she's here pledged to give up her immortality
和他一起生活 in order to live with him.
她父亲爱隆 Her father Elrond,
仍留在地球上的最重要的精灵之一 one of the most important elves still left on the earth
很自然对这种想法不屑一顾 naturally enough is not real keen on this idea
因为他不仅担心会失去女儿 because he fears not only the loss of his daughter,
更担心在阿拉贡最终死后 but more specially he fears the sadness of his daughter
她女儿将要承受伤心 when Aragorn eventually will die.
这是我接下去要给大家放的片段 And that's the scene that I want to play for you now,
截取自第二部电影 from the second movie.
亚纹 你该走了 Arwen, it is time.
船要开往瓦林诺 The ships are leaving for Valinor
去吧 现在还来得及 Go now, before it is too late.
我做了决定 I have made my choice
他不会回来了 He is not coming back.
已经没有希望 你为何还要留恋? Why do you linger here when there is no hope?
还有一线希望 There is still hope.
就算阿拉贡活下来 你们还是会分开 If Aragorn survives this war, you will still be parted.
就算阿拉贡打败索伦成为人皇 If Sauron is defeated and Aragorn made king
而你的愿望也都实现 and all that you hope for comes true
他还是逃不了死亡的命运 you will still have to taste the bitterness of mortality.
不管是战死或是老死 Whether by the sword or the slow decay of time
阿拉贡都难逃一死 Aragorn will die.
你将得不到安慰 And there will be no comfort for you
永远为他的死伤心难过 no comfort to ease the pain of his passing.
他死了以后 He will come to death
身为人皇的英勇形象 an image of the splendor of the kings of Men
将留在世人心中永不磨灭 in glory undimmed before the breaking of the world.
但是你 我的爱女 But you, my daughter
你将活在恒久不变的黑暗中 you will linger on in darkness and in doubt
就像没有星光的冬夜 as nightfall in winter that comes without a star.
你将满怀伤悲 Here you will dwell
住在一天一天干枯的老树下 bound to your grief under the fading trees
直到世界改变 until all the world is changed
你也虚度了你漫长的一生 and the long years of your life are utterly spent.
亚纹 Arwen.
你在这儿什么也没有 There is nothing for you here
只有死亡 only death.
难道你不爱我吗? Do I not also have your love?
我爱你 父亲 You have my love, father.
在这场景中 So in that scene,
亚纹对她作为永生精灵的父亲的爱 Arwen's love for her father, an immortal elf,
最终阻碍了她对凡人阿拉贡的爱 in the end trumps her love for Aragorn, a mortal man,
于是她启程去港口 and she begins her trip to the Havens
到那儿就将坐船回去 where she can take a ship.
带她离开死亡 that will take her away from mortality
她将长生不死 so that she can live an eternal life.
这儿的问题是 So the question then is of,
影片所生发的问题是 the tension introduced into the movie is
既然有机会实现个人的永生 whether Arwen has any reason to stay with a mortal love
她是否有理由和世俗的爱人呆在一起 when she has a chance for this personal immortality.
创作者在电影中所给出了怎样的解释? What the writer's introduced into the movie is the notion
亚纹最终选择和阿拉贡在一起 that Arwen's ultimate choice to stay with Aragorn
面对为他的死而痛苦的情景 and to face that hideous scene where she mourns for his death,
使她这么做的不是放弃永生 what makes that possible for her is not giving up immortality;
而是因为她看到了新生小孩的生命 it's giving up her own individual immortality
放弃了个人的长生不死 by seeing the possibility of the life of a child.
接下去是第三部中的片段 This is the scene then from the third movie.
带她走最安全的路 Take her by the safest road.
有一艘船停靠在灰港岸 A ship lies anchored in the Grey Havens.
等着载她到海外仙境 It waits to carry her across the sea.
这是亚纹·安多米尔的最后之旅 The last journey of Arwen Undomiel.
这里没有留给你的东西 There is nothing for you here
只有死亡 only death.
亚纹公主 Lady Arwen
不能再耽误时间了 we cannot delay.
公主 My lady!
告诉我你看到了什么 Tell me what you have seen.
亚纹 Arwen.
你有预知的天赋 You have the gift of foresight.
你看见什么 What did you see?
我看到了你的未来 并且我看到了死亡 I looked into your future, and I saw death.
但是也有新生 But there is also life.
你看到了那个孩子 你看到了我的儿子 You saw there was a child. You saw my son.
那未来已经几乎不存在了 That future is almost gone.
但是它并没有消失 But it is not lost.
没有什么事是确定的 Nothing is certain.
而有些事是确定的 Some things are certain.
如果我现在离开他 If I leave him now
我一定会终生悔恨 I will regret it forever.
是时候了 It is time.
我想 剧作者做了一个有想法的决定 So what the writers, I think in an inspired decision did,
表明一种完全人类的想法 was to show that within a purely human perspective,
即亚纹因为对阿拉贡的爱 a perspective that now Arwen is going to choose
而产生的想法 out of love for Aragorn,
其中也包含了一种 there's still an openness to a kind of
超脱的神圣的要素 transcendent, or sacred dimension,
对精灵们而言 a dimension that for the elves
这种神圣就是实现个人的永生 is understood as individual personal immortality,
但对现在的亚纹和阿拉贡而言 but that now for Arwen as for Aragorn,
这种神圣是由他们的爱带来的 is understood as something their love makes possible,
特别是他们的性爱所带来的 and in particular that their sexual love will make possible,
他们之间的情爱浪漫 the fact that their romance, for them,
将迎来新的生命 opens up into welcoming a new life.
影片从塑造英雄角度而言 So the movie, well it's flattened
并不忠于原作 at the level of heroism seems to me
但在爱情的话题上 to re-attain Tolkien's own vertical dimension
抓住了托尔金思想的高度 when it moves into the realm of love.
周日下午两点 On Sunday at two o'clock,
我们要讨论电影《注意缝隙》 we'll have the movie Mind the Gap.
再见 See you then.