非常感谢之前的介绍 Thank you so much for the introduction. I'm very
来到这里我很高兴 这是我的第二个讲座 pleased to be here. It's my second lecture.
我记不清第一次研讨会是在什么时候了 I can't really remember when was the first symposium.
我想是在2004 当然现在很多事发生了 I think it was in 2004. And now of course, a lot of
我和高兴能和大家分享我们这几年的成果 things happened. I'm happy to show what came out
这些年我们一直在努力的工作 of the after a couple of years of persistent working
努力找寻工作 继续着重探求某一方面 and trying to get work, continue to somehow to
以及实现对空间的探查 develop a certain concern and realization of these
在演讲开始之前 investigations into space. But before I go ahead and
我想感谢美国加州艺术学院的邀请 talk about, I'd really like to thank the CCA for the invitation,
尤其是同我们准备了2 3年的 specifically also for combining this with
展览结合在了一起 the exhibition as we've prepared for the last 2 or 3 years.
这样的事能实现 And it's really quite touching that something
真的很令人感动 like this can become true or become reality, especially
尤其是在现在这一个艰难的时刻 now with this time when everything becomes quite complicated.
如果你们需要建一个大一点的讲堂 And in case you need an architect for
你们知道去哪找建筑师 a larger lecture hall, you know where to go. Sorry for
很抱歉有些人要站在外面 the ones who have to be outside. But I'll try to show
我会尽量多展示一些图片 说的有趣些 a lot of illustrates, and be a little entertaining.
我赢的第一个比赛是在1998年 The first competition I won in 1998.
一段很孤单的时期 我开始教书 Quite a solitary moment. I start teaching.
这是我参加的第十个比赛 我从未赢过 It was my tenth competition. I've never won any prize
任何奖项或名次 我当时决定如果那不是 or any placement before. And I decided if that's not
找到工作的出路 我就应该去做些别的 the way to get worked, I should find something else.
不过谢天谢地 奇迹发生了 Thank God. Or some magic moment happened.
我们赢得了那次比赛 我们的公司也是 And the competition became ours. And that's when the
那时创立的 在98年 也可以说 office starts. It was 98. So in a way, it's a kind of
这是一个十周年纪念演讲 那是在98年12月 ten years anniversary lecture. This was in December 98.
现在10年过去了 而且我出了一本书 Now it's ten years later. And there is a book just came out
希望能在周四开展时开始发售 that will be hopefully available at the opening on Thursday.
现在可以说是一个周年纪念时刻 So in a way it's kind of a jubilee moment.
今天我想介绍一下我们的作品 I'd like to show our work today that goes as I've
从一些小规模发展到城市规模 mentioned from some scale to urban dimension.
现在准则不是再是一个大问题 It kind of happen that discipline doesn't really become
虽然在一开始 a big issue anymore. Although in the beginning there
要面对建筑 设计方面的问题 were quite confronted with architecture, design.
我想我现在不再关心这些了 I think by now I don't really care anymore. It's more
而更关心环境 以及作品展出后 about the settings, or the moments where things get
得到的不同的评价 回应 shown about different critics, or different responses
以及围之产生的讨论 and discussions that happen around them. I think
我认为这给人很多收获 that's quite enriching. And also this kind of fashion
这种流行消失的很慢 因为在 seems to disappear slowly, seeing there is actually
不同领域之间仍存在联系 a connection between different fields. Or let's say
某种特定关注在不同的 there is a certain kind of concern that gets
背景下得到阐述 articulated in different context. So architecture
因此建筑不再是一个稳定的背景 somehow moved away from being just a stable
让我们成为催化剂 background for us to become activators, something
建筑现在已加入了日常的生活 that become participated in everyday life. It starts to
开始发挥某种职能作用 form certain occupation patterns. It starts to provoke
它开始激发新的模式 new forms of program. It somehow moves more
它渐渐成为生活环境的催化剂 towards being a catalyst for our everyday environment
而不再是一个固定的中性背景 rather than being a stable neutral background.
我想这个认知 职能上的改变 So this change of perception and also occupation,
是我们需要关心的问题 I think, is what concerns us. Of course this means we
这就说明我们要仔细观察手边的新技术 have to close look at what other new technologies
不同的媒体在空间 are at hand, what are the different media that now
交流中所扮演的角色 play a role in production of space, the interface, or
或者我们在特殊的环境下得到的反馈 the kind of feedback that we get from our special environments,
以及随着电脑科技产生的 the forms of new media logistics that
新的媒体物流模式 came with computer technology. And quite often when
当我们开始设计 例如一个平面 一张纸 we start designing, like a surface, like a piece of paper,
实际上我们开始为我们的文化创造了 starts to create a certain story and argument
一个故事 论点和评价 or comment to our culture. Architecture I see is very
建筑和这非常相似 similar to that. And the surface then becomes the
平面成为我们研究的开端 starting point in our investigations from issues of
研究包括透明度 触觉感知 transparency, haptical sensorial questions, of course
当然还有其后的结构 建筑原理 the structure and the construction behind it, the
有关你的平面的信息 information about your surfaces, the question in front
前前后后的一系列问题 and behind, and of course before and after. I'd like to
我先介绍几位从公司初始就 mention 2 or 3 people who are really crucial from the
很重要的人物 very beginning for the office. Of course now it's a
当然我们团队现在有17人 whole team about 17 people plus a whole network of
包括各种专家 顾问 助手 specialists, consultants, helpers, critical
以及评论家等等 commentators something like that. The two people from
创始人员包括Sebastian Finckh以及Andre Santer the beginning are Sebastian Finckh and Andre Santer.
我还想介绍一下Wilko Hoffmann And I would also like to mention Wilko Hoffmann
他就坐在观众席里 并负责了此次展览 who is here in the audience and was in charge of the exhibition.
能和一群人在一个 It's great to know there are a couple
友好的像家庭般的气氛中 of people who really develop the work together
工作发展是一件非常幸福的事 in a very friendly family-style atmosphere. So in the
因此首先我认为要讨论的问题就是 beginning, I think the question was about how can
如何讨论 如何创造事物 we argue, how we create things, where does
结构是从何而来 the form come from, how do we develop
如何通过一种语言表达我们的想法 a certain language that seems to express what we
就形式从何而来这一问题来说 would like to say. So from a question like where does
我想经过10年的历练 the form that come from, I think now after 10 years
已经有了一个经验积累 there is a certain catalogue that starts to cross over
他们融会贯通 相互补充 and inform each other to questions what can form do,
从而回答结构 行为方面 what are other performative aspects, what are the
生产方面的问题 generative aspects of form. So it's more like the
比起起源 效果才是我们所关注的 effect, rather than the origin that is the interest.
这些就是前言 So this is all kind of the little pretalk.
我想先介绍一些小的调查项目 I would like to start with a couple examples of
安装项目 small investigations, installation works to then
接着谈一下一些想法如何在 show how certain ideas are tested in this small
小规模环境中得到试验 scale environments, how they become and then somehow
然后它们又被如何转换到大的建筑项目中去 translated later to larger architecture proposals.
我想最后我会着重介绍塞维利亚项目 And I think I will focus in the end on the Seville project,
因为它是最复杂的项目 because that's somehow the most complex project
囊括了我们之前所做的很多研究 that brings together quite a lot of the
这是第一幅图 research that we did before. So here is the first
是不是太亮了 这样行了吗 Is it too bright here for the images? Is that OK?
首先几个项目是同温感涂料有关 The first set of projects are dealing with temperature
这儿你能看见温度的痕迹 sensitive paint. And here you see traces of warmth,
可以是来自日常物品的温度 either warmth from object of daily use like the cups
例如之前看到的杯子 也可以是人的体温 you saw before, or human body temperature. So it's
这其实是你身体散发出的温度的图形 kind of the temperature landscape of your body that
当你接触物体表面时所散发的看不见的温度 gets exposed, something invisible gets exposed when
这些就是小规模的物体 you touch surfaces. So these were like small scale objects.
它曾在纽约的Henry Urbach美术馆 And it became one environment at one point
展出过 是在1960年 不 是2005年 at Henry Urbach Gallery in New York. This is in 1960,
它首次成为了一个 no in 2005,4,5. For the first time, it really became
包含全方位的空间 an all inclusive environment. It was a reference to
这是受到了Friedrich Kiesler an exhibition that Friedrich Kiesler designed for
为纽约雨果美术馆设计的在45或47年的 the Hugo Gallery in New York, an exhibition called
一个展览 叫做血之焰 是一个超现实作品 Blood Flames in 45 or 47, which showed surrealist work.
这个作品 我应该带张图片来的 But the work itself, I should have brought a picture,
包括绘画以及雕塑 它们都被遮盖起来 is actually paintings and sculptures that were
这个作品都是全黑色 covered by wood plates. The whole thing was
或者是超图的形式 kind of painted in an overall black or more of
作品边上有绳子 super graphic. And there are ropes that you would
你可以拉绳子揭开幕布从而看见作品 have to tear to open up the book to see the
因此参观者和艺术作品之间 art work. So there was an interaction between the
就产生了互动 你只有是一个主动的参观者 visitors and the art work. And only if you became
才有东西可看 active as a visitor, there was something to see.
我们的理念是类似的 但采用了新材料 Similar to that but with a new kind of spin with
表明刷上了温感涂料 new materials. The surfaces are temperature
因此你只有 sensitive paint surfaces. So you would only.
其实它是一个描述型展示 It was a portrayal show actually. So you would
只有当你将脸或手贴在墙上时 only see something when you would touch the
才能看到图案 walls with your face or with your hands.
你也可以坐下 看这里的一些痕迹 You would sit down. And you would see some
这是在一个更大的环境里 of the traces here. And in a larger context.
这是基于在Henry Urbach建筑美术馆的 And this was kind of based on the exhibition
一个展览 at the Henry Urbach Architecture Gallery.
这是在德国南部 This was in southern Germany,
包括我们在内的8名设计师建筑师 where we were asked when 8 designers or architects
被要求重新构思有关平常房子的想法 were asked to rethink the idea of normal house.
我们负责的是餐厅 So we were given the dining area which actually
就在博物馆的前部 happens here in the front in the museum.
我们将它带来到展览会上 And we took it into the exhibition space, and also
并加入了不同的新技术 introduced different new technologies.
我们加入了内嵌式导热管 In this case we had built-in hot wires that would
能加热和制冷 我们也创造了一些 heat up and cool down. And we created temporary
临时装饰 就是这些线条 ornament that you would see with these lines.
当然还有这些染色 And then of course you have the stains, the change
颜色会根据食物 液体 当然还有 of colors through food, and liquids and of course
你的掌印而改变 the imprints of your hands. We use a somehow
我们运用了特定尺寸的建筑语言 size-specific architecture language. This is in
这是在Frank Gehry大厦 the Frank Gehry building. I'm sure everybody
我想大家都知道这些分散的白色痕迹 knows the white fragment thing. And we took
我们将它融入了室内设计 that to the interior to build up even more
做出更分散的效果 fragmented relieves, and overlaid with the
并在上面涂上超图 super graphic that would again erase definitions
消去了地面 墙壁以及天花板间的区别 between floor, wall and ceiling. I don't know
不知道你们坐后面的能不能看到 how you can see from the back, but there are
在这个建筑内一些白色线条 some areas within this building, white lines
会在某些情况下出现或消失 which would at some point appear and disappear again.
这同样也会在座位区发生 And this would happen also on sitting areas.
这是从2001年的一件简单的家具开始的 All this started with a simple furniture piece for
其实最早的展览室起源于96 97年 Art Expo in 2001. But the first exhibitions were
这展现了一个有趣的想法 actually back in 96 and 97. It shows very playful
就是不再有普通的建筑表面了 the idea that there is no such thing as innocent
无论我们去哪 architecture surface anymore. Wherever we go,
我们都会留下痕迹 wherever we move, we leave certain traces,
我们会散发一些隐藏的物体 and might expose something that's carefully hidden
或者同我们所处的环境产生有趣的互动 or playfully started to interface or interact with
第一件作品是关于新材料 our environment. So if the first piece was about
以及这些新材料的潜力 new materials and what the potential of these
使我们重新考虑所处背景 new materials are for rethinking our context.
这是一个相对传统的材料 This one is more of traditional material and
但是有发掘新属性的潜力 the potential to discover new qualities.
这是为意大利一家马赛克公司制造的 This is for Bizaza, an Italian mosaic company.
马赛克在一个坚实的物体上 It's a mosaic on a firm body, a firm form.
当马赛克放在纸或者布上 I was fascinated by, when you get these mosaic tiles
就具有了柔软的属性 really come on paper or textile, they have this nice
这让我很惊讶 我想保留这个属性 and flexible quality. We want to keep that quality
并把它运用与其他方面 also really goes further in applications.
这项工程是受Stylepark所雇 In this case, we were asked by Stylepark to work
去设计一个位于柏林的休息室 with Bizaza on the lounge for designing an event
自此之后 它变得越来越像 in Berlin. From then on, it developed more and more
一件真的家具 to like a real furniture piece. But what you see,
虽然他们看上去或许很坚硬 when you only look at them is these very solid
甚至很冰冷 maybe even cold looking piece. But as soon as
但当你坐下去时 他们就变得非常 you sit down, they become very welcoming and
舒适柔软 所有材料 quite soft. Another thing is all the materials,
所有新的应用都是用于Stylepark的休息室 new applications, again for Stylepark a lounge for
以及2001年在柏林的国际建协建筑大会 the UIA Architecture Congress in Berlin in 2001.
其实这是我第一次用电脑制图 This was the first time actually that I use computer
然后直接发给木工 drawings to send them directly to the carpenter,
他们就将木头截成这样的形状 and they just basically cut it out and produce
现在这已经成了惯例 these forms. So now this is so standard.
但是在当时却是这个行业的一个新鲜事 But it was a quite profession moment,
因为这关系着你如何制图 then specifically also because of the way how you
怎样同木工之间进行交流 have to detail, how much of the communication goes
这些都需要以一个新方式来完成 between you and the carpenter. All seemed to be
用新的方式去讨论 completed in new and have to be negotiated in
这是Stylepark在国际建协建筑大会的 a new way. In this case, it was an information lounge
一间休息室 for Stylepark at the very center of the UIA congress.
我们所用的材料是6厘米的长条 And we worked with stripes of like 6 centimeters,
并且考虑到了各种不同需要 and programmed all the different needs that were
从网络终端到储存空间 necessary from internet terminals to storage areas
到投影墙 酒吧 这就是整个 to projection walls, a bar. And that's how the whole
场地规划 这些都不是只有一种用法 landscape happened. It was not meant to be only
你可以根据自己的需要 use in one way. But you could completely start to
进行布置 occupy it in your own manner. So everything,
所有的事物都成为场地的一部份 all the program was sucked in and became part of
这是10年后 the landscape. And this is 10 years later. No.
不 是五六年后 This is 5 and 6 years later. In the similar strategy
以同样的策略 使高处的地面 the swelling of the ground becomes somehow a
成为房屋结构规划的一部分 volume to house program. In this case, it's a
这是丹麦Danfoss 大学的科学园 science park in Denmark called Danfoss Universe.
这里一两年前就是一个公园 And it was a park that was there maybe 1 or 2
它很成功 years earlier. And it becomes so successful that
然后逐步扩张 冬季的活动也增多 it starts to grow and expand, and also more into
因此他们想要一个封闭的空间 the winter month. And they would like enclose
这是一个室外活动科学园 areas. More or less it's kind of an outdoor
运用新技术和材料 science park to use new technology
向孩子传播科学知识 and materials and science to children.
视频源无声 [No Sound]
我们将场地压缩 In this case, we compress the landscape and made
然后建成了这一大小 it into this volume. And all the extra spaces that
多出来的空间可以用来存放机械器材 are created we could use for mechanical equipments.
因此屋顶上没有任何东西 So we don't have anything on the roofs. And
当然有时室内也能有这种大小 of course sometimes you also get this kind of
虽然他是一个黑匣子 volume inside. Since it was a black box, but we
但我们仍认为应该有一些透明度 still feel that should be some kind of transparency
让外部理解内部发生了什么 and understanding, outside what is happening inside.
我们在尾部设计了这个 We created this over hence on the ends to maybe
可以让跑车在室内 have the race car shown inside. We could have
也在室外展出 不过这个直到现在 one exposed outside. Unfortunately it is not used in
才开始被使用 第一个展览叫作微世界 this way until now. The first show is called Bitland.
是关于数码技术的 And it's a show that talks about digital technology.
你可以拍摄自己的脸 调整像素 You could skim your face, play with pixels,
录音 玩不同过滤器 等等 record your voice, play with different filters,
这是礼堂 and so forth. It's the auditoria site. It's also kind
也是一个教学区 of a pedagogical place. It's a place of the whole
同周围的所有学校都有关联 network of schools around that area. So this is one
这是其中一面大长墙 背面是一样的 of the large long walls. The same happens on the
配有内置投影仪 other side. And the built-in projector so that would
能将图像投影到另一面墙上 actually shoot images onto each other, which was
这都是通过这台大的有趣的电脑实现的 generated by all this large playful computers.
你可以进行各种尝试 You could start to do all kinds of experiments.
这是餐厅 This is the restaurant. Also the restaurant.
房顶铺了沥青 一个又好又便宜的 The roof is in bitumen. A very nice and cheap way
方法去做一个优雅的表面 to create very elegant surfaces. It's mostly just
这一般都是用在房顶 used as roofing material. But in Denmark, they
但是丹麦具有美丽的建筑文化 have a really beautiful building culture, where
这也可以被用在正面墙上 this becomes also possible to use it in facades.
两侧在其它图片中 And the sides are in other parts.
我有的最后一个表面就是 And the last surface of session I have are
收集的数据保护花纹 these data protection patterns. I've collected
我从1994年就开始收集 them since about 1994. I discovered them when
我是在参加一个在芝加哥的 I was asked to participate in an exhibition in Chicago,
名为消失的展览上发现它们的 which was called Disappeared.
我接了一项乔迁装修的工程 I was asked to do a housewarming installation,
开始运用了温感涂料 which are these temperature sensitive paints in
我还想再为之加一些东西 the beginning. And I wanted to add something to
我想利用客人是最好的方法 the housewarming idea. So I thought the guests
这样也能记录下来 will actually be perfect because it basically
所有参加乔迁庆宴的客人 becomes a record of all the guests who would come
于是我制作了一本册子 to the housewarming. The book was developed
全部用温感的涂料硬刷 as a whole print, a completely printed book with
但是有了这些保密花纹 temperature sensitive paint. But with these patterns,
客人来了写了自己的留言 so if you would write your comments as a guest,
但是你并不能读到留言 你只能看到 you could not really see. You could see that something
写了一些东西 但无法读出内容 is written. But you could only read it, when you
当你碰到纸时 花纹才会消失 touch the paper and the pattern disappeared.
当温度冷却下来花纹又会重新出现 The pattern came back when the page cooled off.
正如你只是一个客人一样 So it's kind of the same thing you are only a guest
你来了又去 because you are a guest. You come and leave.
所以写的东西也出现了再消失 So the writing actually appeared and disappeared again.
这是我发现这些花纹 So that's when I discovered this whole
神奇作用的时候 this magic role of these patterns. And I'm collecting
我已经收集了十四五年了 them now for maybe the last 14, 15 years.
这非常有趣 我想我有大概 And it's quite interesting. I think I have about
三四百种花纹 300 to 400 different patterns. And I should start to
我想应该慢慢用 因为它们现在对工作 craft slowly, because it becomes such fundamental
已经非常重要 其实它们在历史上早已出现 source for the work. But they somehow also covered on history.
我所发现的最早出现在柏林的一个印刷机上 The oldest source I found was a printer
它们从1914年开始印刷宣传册 in Berlin. And they had a catalogue from 1914,
当中使用了这些花纹 where they offered with these patterns.
我认为有了复写纸 And my assumption is that with the advent of
你就能边写边复印 carbon paper where you could write original
有些信息就必须被 and copy at the same time, certain information
封住或者模糊掉 had to be blocked or blurred. That's when these
这些地方正好可以印上这些花纹 patterns actually printed on these forms, because
因为比如送货员不需知道 the one who deliver something doesn't need to
他所送的货价值多少 know how expensive the object he delivers for example.
这些花纹仍在被使用 So these patterns are still in play maybe
或许成为信息时代最后一个看得见的点缀 the last ornament in our information age that still
因为所有事物都以逐步数字化 visible for everything moves into the digital area.
它们现在被用于小规模设备 So they appear now in small scale installations
例如印有温感涂料的床单 like this bed sheet where again printed with
它成为了白色表面于 temperature sensitive paint. It becomes kind of
装饰之间的话语 discourse between the white surface and ornament,
通过花纹隐藏事物 消去一些痕迹 hiding things through patterns, come flushing
因此我喜欢称之为 certain traces. So I would like to call it the perfect
最完美的卧室 anagram bedroom and boredom. Basically you own
因为你的影子会跟着你 shadow follows you. Something like that.
因此它现在成为一个阅读要素 So it becomes a whole motherhood reading element that
在不同的规模出现 now appears over and over in different scales and
有不同的形式 in different articulations. Sometimes a very direct
有时一个直接的花纹被用于建筑表面 pattern translated into an architecture surface.
例如这张地毯 它是我们的首个工程 Like this is the carpet for our first project at the
在Scharnhauser附近的市政厅 town hall outside of Scharnhauser. Or as the perforated
或者用在市政厅里镂花邮箱的挡板上 medal screen for letter box in the same town hall.
当换到大的规模时 But then when we jump to a larger scale,
它就可以用于表面 it might become a facade. Again with this idea
有了这一理念 即使我们只有 of perforation, where we occupy that very small
很小的50厘米到1米的一层 layer of 50 center meters to 1 meter, where we
工作空间仍有伸缩性 still have certain flexibility in the office space.
从那起向里向外延伸 And starts from there towards the outside and
这项工程是位于汉堡 towards the inside. So in this case, it's an
一个临水的办公楼 office building on the waterfront in Hamburger
建成于一年半前 that we finished about one and a half years ago.
周边环境很美 And because it's on a beautiful site where you can
能看到汉堡的一个内湖 look the water, which is the inner lake of Hamburger,
前面还有一个小公园 and a little park in front of it. We introduced this
我们设计了一个室内花园 kind of inner gardens in the facade where you can
你能走进去 坐在椅子上读书 actually walked in, put in a chair, read something,
或许再抽根烟 maybe have a cigarette. Each rental units which
每层楼的三个单元都能享受这一特殊时刻 is 3 on each floor would have this special moment.
实际上你也可以将会议室 And you could actually place either a meeting
老板室 或者公共休息室 room or the boss room, or maybe communal space,
或是这层办公楼上特别的房间 something special within this very generic office
设置在这里 floor behind these things. So that's one moment
这时你就有机会走到表面层 when you can actually walk into that facade layer.
空隙以及镂空的构想 But then also this idea of perforation and relief
融入了建筑体系 gets translated into the structural system. We have
在这些预加工过的天花板上 a prefabricated concrete ceiling where you see these
你可以看见这些空洞 relives. And it goes further into the separation
这也被用于大厅 家具 halls for example. Into the furniture. It's an
这是一家广告公司 advertising agency now who occupies about
占据了大楼的四分之三 three quarters of the building. It goes again into
它也被用于家具 这是会议室 furniture. This is the meeting room. Even into the
甚至也用在了马赛克上 这些小圆马赛克 mosaic, the little round mosaic that we use in the
被用在了楼梯间 这些都成了材料选择一部分 staircase. That also becomes part of the material
当我们走出大楼 selection. And then when we walk outside,
特殊时刻 特殊会议区域的构想 these ideas of special moments, special meeting
成为整个公园设计的一部分 areas in the building become part of the design
这使政府和客户都得到了满意 of the park. And it was somehow ideal between
客户被允许多盖一些空间 the city and the client who was allowed to build
因此他也被要求支付 a little bit more square meters, and therefore he
公园的改造费用 was actually asked to pay for the remodeling of the
公园之前就只是一片绿地 park, which was a completely rundown green area.
我们所做的就是复制这些升高的 So what we did was copying these elevated or
或者突出的区域 将它们融入 exposed areas, and made them into special
特殊时刻 成为绿地里的野餐区 moments within that green field as picnic areas
或者休息区等等 and sitting areas and so forth. Now when we
当我们将这些空隙的尺寸改变 developed this perforation a little bit more through
就建成了位于Karlsruhe的食堂 dimensional, we might end up with something like
它现在已成为 the dining hall in Karlsruhe which now became
德国公共建筑的 even something like a sustainable prototype for
可持续性的蓝本 public building in Germany. Because due to the
因为我们赢得的比赛 fact that there is a very specific price per
对每个食堂每平米的 square meter per dining hall in our competition
建造价格有要求 因此这同 entry which luckily won, look a little bit different
我们原先的构想有些许区别 with what I think they had in mind. We were
我们面临了找寻一条 quite challenged to find a way, an interesting way,
有趣的 可行的道路 or a possible way to build this thing. And the
比赛场地位于是在城市和 competition site is between the urban context
北面的树林之间 在某方面 and a forest in the north. And in a way, the
这一建筑成为了一个矛盾的建筑 building became an ambivalent structure being
既是一个人工树林 又是一座实际建筑 an artificial forest or a real building. We accept
我们保留了原来的地貌 the footprint, the maximum site that we could build
利用最大的可建空间 on as kept the shape of the ground floor, and
同厨房工程师商讨最合适的布局 developed with our kitchen engineer a perfect layout,
因为这个食堂必须要充分运作 because it really have to work out as a machine.
他们要求食堂每天 And it does. They asked as to prepare to make
能供应1800餐 the building for 1800 meals a day. And they're
他们现在每天供应2700餐 now doing even 2700 a day. So it really works
它现在同物流很好的配合在一起 perfectly with the logistics. But in order to be
但是为了能使地板和天花板之间 flexible enough to keep the relationship between
具有灵活性 the floor and ceiling as something that we could
能随时调整以适应活动所需 constantly readjust according to where the program
如何使活动能充分适合 would fit, how the program would fit perfectly,
我们发明了一种东西叫做nutella gram we develop this thing we called nutella gram or
或者gum gram 使地板和天花板 gum gram. Basically the floor and the ceiling
能具有灵活性 等我们将之固定 become this elastic relationship until we at some
因为到时活动就能 point froze it, because that's when the program
在其中很适合 would fit perfectly inside this thing. So this is
这是我们在比赛后做的示意图 the diagram we did after the competition. Just as
帮助大家看懂建筑构造 a reading device for how to look at this building.
但是这不是从建筑学角度解释 But this is not the architecture articulation of
这座建筑 它成为了一个三维骨架 that building. It becomes this three dimensional
所有东西也都是嵌入式的 skeleton. Everything is built-in again. Like the
比如灯是建筑的一部分 light is part of the structure. Or the ventilation
通风系统也是建筑一部分 system is part of the structure. That's the whole
颜色方案是不同的绿色 color scheme of different greens that don't really
它们不一定相称 match each other. So this is the sun light vibration
这是太阳光 in this space. And we have to be innovative in
我们在建筑上必须有创新 terms of the construction because as I've
因为之前提过这不是普通的建筑 mentioned before, it's not the regular construction
因为每平方米 that usually I think is the bases for this price
有价格限制 per square meter limitation in a way. So we
因此我们研究了两三个月如何建造它 researched about 2, 3 months how to build this.
我们对比了木制混凝土以及钢制结构 And we compared wood structure to concrete, to steel.
但最后我们还是选择了木头 And wood always came back as the only one
作为建筑材料 that actually would help us to build it. But we
但是我们得更创新的使用木头 have to be innovative in terms of how to treat
使它能实现我们的设计 that wood to keep the look that we wanted and
并能有一定持久性 also to keep certain maintenance over time in mind.
让我们不用每隔两三年就重漆一次 So we don't have to paint it every 2, 3 years.
木头其实保持的更久 Wood would actually last longer. So we developed
因此我们选择了一种 this wood which is, we found this wood which is
高压缩的多层的木头 the highly compressed layered wood called Cato.
每片是2米乘50米 It comes in sheet of 2 meter by 50 meter. And you
你基本上能裁出任何想要的形状 basically can cut out any form you like. You really
而且你必须将木头看作一种全新的 have to think wood in a completely new way as
高科技材料 跨度变大 a high-tech material. The spans are larger.
保持时间变长 Again the duration is much longer. After doing
在做成活动房屋之后 this prefab fast construction, you would then
就可以请一家公司在表面喷上 come in, or a company would come and spray
三毫米厚的聚亚安酯外皮 a 3-miller meter polyurethane-coating on it,
它仍有散气空 which is still like the diffusion open and they
让蒸汽以及木材挥发 would allow the vapor and the wood to come out.
同时它也成了一个无细节的建筑 At the same time it really becomes kind of
你必须要很准确的 non-detailed building. I mean you have to be
构想如何做细节 very precise in how to detail it. But you spray
但是你基本只要喷洒四面或者三面 basically on all four sides or all three sides.
它能使建筑防水 And it would make the building waterproof.
无需再做金属增光 You don't need any metal flashing anymore.
因此在材料上或许贵了一些 So what is in a way a little bit more expensive
但是从长远角度来看 in terms of material, it actually in the long run
维护费会省了很多 is really cheap in terms of maintenance. You only
你只需为了美观而重新上漆 have to paint it may be out of optical reasons.
但是你不用给木材上漆以保证它的 But you don't have to paint to keep the wood
使用年限以及预防天气 alive or protect the weather. And also you are
你也可以做各种金属上光 actually free of doing all these different metal
或者细节安排 flashings or precise detailing. So it becomes this
所以它就成了混合了各种材料的美丽的建筑 beautiful envelope of material. And we got critics
我们一开始受到了很多建筑是的批评 in the beginning by architects that you can't do that to wood.
认为不能这么使用木材 You know how painful it is to the honesty
这给我们的建筑过程带来很多痛苦 of construction and so forth. And it took a while,
但是在两三篇严词抨击的文章之后 I think like 2, 3 really horrible articles and
过了几个月大家开始理解 a couple of months that people now start to
其实这是一个很有趣的尝试 understand this is actually an interesting possibility.
而且它也被运用于我们在塞维利亚 And it becomes all in all our largest project
最大的工程中 这常是我们的最终选择 in Seville, where in a way this is always the one.
倒不是因为我们特别偏爱它 It's not because we prefer this. It's all
而是在考虑到城市环境 for us compare with the city, with the construction companies,
建筑公司等等之后 and so forth, as the one that survives
它总是最合适的选择 all these different equations. So this is the
这是通往出口的门廊 towards the entrance. And this is the building from
这是主出口的照片 the main entrance view. And now before I go into
在说其他工程之前 我想再说一些细节 other projects that I would explain a little bit
让我简单介绍一下 more in detail. I just give you a little overview of
现在在屏幕上的图片 what's also on the board right now. This is an
这是在沃尔夫斯堡为大众汽车进行的展览 exhibition for Volkswagen Autostadt in Wolfsburg.
它是关于可持续性 It's about sustainability and then of course
当然还有可动性以及大众汽车 mobility and Volkswagen at some point.
我们也设计了这种绿色结构 But we developed also this kind of green structure
是受循环利用标志启发 developed out of this recycling triangle that
最后发展成为一个公园 then becomes a park. It's a whole interior
我们同Art+Com公司一起 1000 m2 exhibition that we collaborate
为一个一千平米的展览会做室内设计 with Art+Com that do all the interface design.
网络中包括了内嵌式互动媒体 In this web again built-in interactive media that
有很多投影仪 因此又是一个暗室 has all the projections. So it has to be again like
吸引参观者的注意 a dark space. And also the attractors or the
内容必须做出相应变化 attractions have to, the content has to change
我们还有一个住宅的工程 over time. Then we are also doing a housing project
在市中心 in the center of Yena, which is a complex space,
那里很特别 where all particular lances produce more
吸引了世界摄像师的关注 or less for most of the major cameras and lances
图中所见是由四栋楼 in the world. What you see is the court of four
围成的一个小社区 buildings forming a small neighborhood with this
并且可以通向市场 connection to the market square that you see in
请看图中这个大开口 this large thing here, the large opening. So it's
所以这个工程位于老城区和 basically between the oldest parts of Yena and
19世纪的波利瓦尔之间 the 19th century Bolivar. It's the combination of
如图所见是由四栋建筑组成 天井 four buildings that you see here. The court view.
我们还在比利时建造了一座法院大楼 Then we are working on a court house in Hasselt in Belgium.
我展示这个是想表达 And I'm showing this somehow to,
作为建筑是经历了这么多年 for architects so painful for so many years to get
终于看见自己的工程竣工 finally something built. We're quite happy now that
我们很高兴这些建筑现在得到了一些共鸣 these things seem to find a certain resonance and
在不同的项目 also create a curiosity that now seems to spread
不同的规模里都 and also starts to cross reference from one program
引起了大家的好奇兴趣 to the other, from one scale to the other. This one
这是在比利时哈瑟尔特的法院大楼 here is a court house in Belgium Hasselt. That we
我们十月时同Lensoass建筑公司 saw the construction in October together with
共同合作完成 architecten in Lensoass. It's on a former industrial
这里之前是工业火车站 train station area. It places next to the main train
毗邻主火车站 station. As it develops all over the world,
随着发展 这个区域逐渐被迁出市区 these areas actually get moved out of the city or become
或者变得不再重要 not really important because coal storage is not
因为煤炭储存不再流行了 that current any more. And this whole plan,
整个区域属于城市设计规划 this whole area was an urban design development
我们赢得的这个比赛要求 by BestAid. And the competition that we won asks
从建筑的角度阐述城市规划 for the architecture articulation on the urban plan.
这是那个区域的第一座建筑 So this is the first building on that site.
它成为了比利时主要的法院之一 It becomes one of the major court houses in Belgium,
我们刚刚建成了一座 in this case, for the Linberg area. Then we've
可住12名孩子的小房子 just finished a little house for 12 children who.
这是一项慈善工程 部分资金由基金会支付 It's a charity project. That's partly paid by a foundation.
其余的由汉堡市政府支付 And then each place for the children
这12个孩子都是 is paid by the city of Hamburger. And it's for 12
来自不健全的家庭 children who come from social disfunctional families.
他们会找到或者已经找到一个新家 And they will find a new home or they find a new
最小的孩子大概只有2岁 home. And I think the youngest one is basically
他们将在这住到18岁 like 2 years old. And they go up to 18 until the day
成年为止 然后就要搬出 they become adults, and have to move out
开始自己的生活 and find their own life. So that's a kind of very
这是一项重要的工程 important project, because it's quite touching
看着他们通过特殊项目来住到这里 how happy they were to get there on special project.
让人很感动 也给孩子们带来了骄傲与欣喜 It came with such pride and excitement to them. And
我想非常重要的事就是 I think it's important to also see how you can bring
利用独特的建筑设计 this kind of extra architecture moves to quite mundane project
展示给人们看少的资金 to show other people that low budget doesn't
不代表只能做出沉闷的建筑 mean it has to be a boring piece of architecture. This
这是我们为居住于柏林的一位夫妇 one here is an apartment we are doing in Berlin
设计的公寓 他们同时居住于旧金山 for a young couple who are based in San Francisco
和柏林 我们很期待能让它变为 and Berlin. So it's quite exciting to see how this
他们的一个特别的家 第二个家 becomes a very special home, second home and
也希望是更吸引他们的家 hopeful the more attractive one, because we really
我们很希望他们能多在 like them and hope they would stay more often
柏林居住 in Berlin than in San Francisco. So this is a really
这也是一个很漂亮的室内建筑 nice piece of again just interior architecture.
这些还没竣工 仍在施工中 And these are not done yet. These are under
是位于克拉科夫的一个酒店 construction. This is a hotel in Krakow, soon to
即将竣工 我想2个月之后会开业 be finished. I think about in 2 months they will open.
这是我们在国外的第一项工程 It's our first project actually in the foreign
但是却是建造最长时间的 country, but it took the longest so far. So I'm
因此我们很期待它的竣工 excited to see that being finished soon. This is
这是汉堡的一个写字楼 an office building in Hamburger for the same
是和我们做那个白色建筑一样的客户 client we did the white building. This is on one
从这一面看去 hand next to, this would be on the other side,
它就是一个黑砖建筑 具有表现主义特点 a dark brick building like the chilly house, like
就像30年代的写字楼一样 an expressionist, office complex from the 30th.
但在另一面就成了汉堡一米六的 But on the other side it becomes actually this
最小的建筑 smallest house in Hamburger with 1 meter 60.
大楼也有通向运河的通道 It was basically about this storage building had
不过运河现在已不存在了 its access to the water canal which does not
所以这是在汉堡的一个独特的位置 exist anymore. So in a way, it's a very unique
这是施工中的图片 special site in Hamburger. So you see the construction
今年六月应该会竣工 picture that should be done in June this year.
接下来为大家详细介绍我们半年前 So in more length, a villa that we just finished
刚建好的位于斯图加特郊外的别墅 about half a year ago outside of Stuttgart. And
如果你回想一下那个食堂 this is interesting now, if you think back to the
这个建筑就是向三维方向发展的 dining hall, this kind of move toward more
更进一步的关于空隙 开口 3 dimensional understanding of perforations,
各种混杂的理念 of openings, of massaging messes. Now this really
这个建筑开始各种元素更加融合在一起 starts to melt even more into each other. We started
这个故事我等一会而会说 somehow with. I'll tell you this story here on a minute.
同建造那个食堂一样 We started similar to the dining hall.
我们考虑了地面 房顶 We'd like a base then the roof, and the relationship
以及两者之间的关系 between the two. The client asked us to look at
客户让我们看一下他们不再满意的旧房子 their old house, because they weren't so happy
他从1984年开始建 with them anymore. He started to build it in 84, 1984.
随着孩子和资金的增长 And with every child and with more money,
房子越建越大 just overtime, it just grew grew and grew.
你可以看到各种元素的融合 You could see all the different fashions of natural stones,
从自然的石头到混凝土到白色大理石 from sth to grey concrete, to white
各种各样混杂在一起 marble to whatever. Every balcony became a
每个阳台都成了窗园 window garden. Every pool area was extended
每个游泳池都扩建了 概念上说很有趣 and became larger. Conceptionally very interesting,
美学角度来说就不是那么令人满意了 but ascetically not so pleasing any more.
他也是这么觉得的 That's what he felt. And even
甚至新的车库和庭院都变得很袖珍 became minimalistic with the new garage and the landscaping.
他家的旧房子就是20年来 So a quite interesting accumulation of
各种建筑构想的有趣集合 20 years of architectural thinking.
所以他们希望我们能想出一个新设计 So what he asked us was in a way come up with a new design
但同时我觉得他对旧房子很有感情 for a house, but at the same time I felt he was very
因为他们家就是从这里 emotional about the old one, because that's
发展起来的 where he started to build the foundation for his family,
是他和妻子以及两个孩子生活多年的地方 this was the house for his wife and 2 kids.
因此在同他交谈时 So while I talked to him, I felt we have to do
我就觉得要考虑到这点 something with this. It has to be something like
要把它变成一个家庭的纪念 a family archeology. So we developed from the
于是我们保留了地基 footprint of the house, because we had to keep
部分的游泳池 some of the foundations, a part of the pool, in
平地坡地都有保留 the ground, on the slope. So it wouldn't have to
所以不用花费大价钱将旧房子全拆除 be too expensive to take all of that out.
因此我们保留了旧房子的占地 So we actually kept that footprint of that grown building
并把它作为新房子的几何中轴 as the origin of geometry of the building.
我们将花园的地面作为底层 So we have this as the ground floor which is the
将底层复制旋转成为上层 garden floor. We duplicated it and rotated it to
这样每层都有自己的特色 become the upper floor. And then of course both
儿童房 floors have their own dynamic, the children's room,
楼下有的房间变大有的变小 downstairs become bigger, larger or smaller.
楼上是私人房间 卧室 Upstairs is the private rooms, the bedroom, and
浴室 办公室 以及客房 the bathroom, the office and the guest room.
房间根据不同需求而安排 So they became massaged according to different
两层之间是公共或半公共区域 needs. And then in between which is now the pubic
这里是餐厅 or semi-public area. That's where the dining room is,
起居室 厨房等等 the living room, the kitchen and so forth. That
这层成为上下两层装饰的协调者 now became the mediator between these two levels
这就是这座房子如何构建的 of decoration if you like. And that's how the building
它位于斯图加特郊外 was developed. It's outside of Stuttgart. So it's
面朝Marbach facing Marbach which is on the other side.
德国文学档案馆就坐落在那里 The German Literature Archive is there. It's a very
那里中世纪小镇的风景非常迷人 beautiful view to medieval town, silhouette.
这就是为什么我将房子上层旋转 So that's why it became rotated out from the
面向Marbach history to have a view and different connection to
能欣赏到美丽的风景 that specific or very beautiful landscape. But
这栋房子同我之前的工程也有相似之处 what you see similar to the projects before,
就是将各种元素囊括在一起的 there is a certain understanding of continuous
之一理念 ideas of an envelope that starts to melt different
打破不同维度空间的限制 things together that tries to break down the hierarchy
同时也去消除 of different dimensions, also to erase certain
某些过于熟悉的建筑物体 things that look too familiar as architecture objects,
制造些陌生感 maybe to create a certain estrangement or force
做出第二种外观 因为整个设计必须清晰 a second look, because it really has to understand
这栋房子基色是白色 感觉很特别 what is going on. And in this case, it looks so
我觉得这个白色是 white and unique. The whiteness is I think like
根据技术需要的四种不用的材料 four different materials according to the technical
房顶依旧是聚亚安酯外皮 needs. So the roof again has the polyurethane-coating.
我们在开阔的地方也铺有聚亚安酯 And we have certain polyurethane areas where
它溶化下来 形成了坚硬的地面 the openings are. It melts down and becomes a
适合室外活动 tight floor for the outdoors. So in a way this kind
因此它有一个非常简洁抽象的外表 of very simple and abstract look which sometimes
也有人批评说它看起来像抹了一层灰泥 even gets critics as it looks like a rendering,
但是它是经过仔细设计 although it's built, actually comes from being
精心考虑如何省去一些细节 very specific about erasing these details, which
这实际上让我们得更多的考虑细节 means in the end we have to detail more complex
比起一个基本的细节设计要复杂的多 than if you would just do a very standard detailing.
这是房子的不同层 So here you see the different layers of the
上层 下层 以及中间的 upper floor, and the lower floor and this
公共空间 mediator of public spaces in between.
这幅是平面图 我想只要你沿着 This is the floor plan where I think if you would
楼梯垂直画一条线 cut by the stairs a vertical line. All what's on the
就能发现左边的都是原有的地基 墙体 left side is the existing foundation, the existing walls.
右边的都是新建的 And what's on the right is new. Then this
这是主层 大门在左侧 the major floor, the main floor with the entrance on the left.
中庭看上去像是 The central atrium space. And it's
有着四片叶子的花朵 more like a flower with four leaves, the living room
起居室在底部 这是她的办公室 on the bottom, and it's her office, and the
右边是小书房 餐厅厨房在上部 little library on the right, dining and kitchen on
这是玄关 the top, and then the entrance area. It became
它被特定的区域隔开 例如 separated by the cores, certain programs like the
壁炉 楼梯间 电梯或者厨房 fireplace, the staircase, the elevator or the kitchen,
客卫 以及衣帽间 guest bathroom and the wardrobe. And the upper floor
上层变得些许复杂 became a little bit more complex with all
被不同的房间分割开 different kind of separation of rooms.
过一会儿我会展示一些室内的图片 I'll show you some images of the interior in a second.
大门时设在中间层 So the entrance would be on that middle floor
现在在左侧 which is now on the left side. So all of these
这些基本上都是由几何上的旋转而实现的 basically are created through the rotation of geometry.
这间是餐厅 Now inside this is the dining room. And there
这间房间基本上没有用颜色 灰色也没有 was no question about the colors or even grey.
他们觉得灰色或者其他颜色都用过了 They decided that grey and color they've had it,
所以所有东西都必须是黑或白 so everything had to be white or black. They all
他们真是太喜欢黑色了 四辆车都是黑的 just rest in black. They only have four black cars.
颜色的选择在一开始就决定了 Everything is kind of. That was fixed from the
其实我不会选择白色 very beginning. I wouldn't have done it in white actually.
但是用了也挺不错的 But it was also nice to not think about this part.
这是中庭 This is the main atrium. This is like
小办公室窗外就能看到中世纪小镇 the little office in the view outside to the old medieval town
中庭 中庭 on the other side. Atrium. Atrium.
这些做起来很费事 所以建好了 They are very difficult lines. So in a way we are
我们都很高兴 但我想 so happy it's done. But I think we need this
我们是需要那些懂特殊工艺的人才 kind of special people. So this is the Marbach
这是河对岸的Marbach 游泳池 the other side of the river. The pool. So the front
前端其实是旧的 黑色的部分是新的 part is actually old. The part in the back is new.
当然所有材料都是新的 But of course we have to do all the new materials
我们也在技术方面做了更新 to cover it, also to update the technological parts.
这是大厅 右侧是出口 This is the main room. And on the right side
最后一幅照片是想展示它 would be the entrance. And the last image again
是如何沿坡而建 how it kind of melts onto that slope. Again what
看起来是种很独特的材料 looks quite unique as a unique material, the structure
整个建筑是混凝土结构 表层是聚亚安酯 is a concrete structure. It's fixed on polyurethanee.
有四个高约80厘米的混泥土方块 It has four concrete blocks up to like 80 cm.
一切都可以伸展 Everything is kind of hands sent with
像模板一样 extensile and templates. The roof is the steel
房顶是钢结构配上混泥土板 construction with a concrete boarder. The upper part,
因为女主人认为需要符合生物规则 because she thought it should be also a little
所以上部是有砖块和木头制成 bit more biologically correct, is actually made of
所有的一切都被盖在了这层白衣之下 bricks and wood roofs. So all that is covered again
回想起来 behind this white skin. And if I look back,
或者将小规模的装修同 or if I would like compare the small installations
大的建筑工程相比 with the architectural work, there is actually a
两者的确有些许不同 different way of starting to think about them.
基本上小规模的工程都是选定了 Mostly the smaller work starts with the material or
材料或者某件物品 a certain object, and then starts to get explored in
接着向不同方向延伸 找寻限制在哪 different directions and also to see where the limits are.
而大型建筑工程则相反 In architecture is the other way around.
它更关心的是整个环境 It's more about an all inclusive environment or
或者特定的氛围 接着再去慢慢找寻 certain atmosphere, and then gets slowly to find
合适的材料 找到合适的 the appropriate materials, find the appropriate
建筑技术等等 construction technologies and so forth. So in a way
因此 食堂 我应该早点说 the dining hall, I should have said a little earlier,
它的整个可伸缩的橡胶状的模型 it's the idea of this elastic rubber-like model
是来自于作为材料的 came back somehow through this
这种橡胶状的聚亚安酯 rubber-like polyurethane skin as a material.
并非从一开始就是这么构想的 Not intentionally in the very beginning, but I think
但是我很高兴能从理念回到 it makes a nice round to go from the
这个建筑的实际的触觉属性 conception back to the actual haptic quality of
这是塞维利亚的都市天伞 the building. So now is Seville Metropol Parasol.
这是我们在2004年赢得一场比赛 It's a competition that we won in 2004, just
就在我们赢得Mensa的食堂之后不久 shortly after we won the Mensa Dining Hall.
现在已经建了快4年 And now it' s under construction for about 4 years,
希望能在一年半之内竣工 and hopefully it would be done in one
这是一项很复杂的工程 and a half years. So it's a very complex project.
开始建的速度很快 The speed in the beginning was incredibly fast.
后来因为物流以及政治原因变慢了 Then it became slower also because of the logistics involved,
但是现在我们又能全速前进了 the politics. But now we are like full
希望能在年底完成结构建设 speed again. And hopefully the structure will be
关于这项工程我想说的就是 done by the end of the year. But I want to say
消息在我们整个程序 about this project is that intelligence lies way
开始前就展开了 before we came into the whole process,
因为市政府举办的比赛只是 because the city decided to make a competition
构思的比赛 that's only an idea's competition to take away
消除了需要在塞维利亚市中心 the pressure to have to find a project that fits
建造最合适的建筑的压力 into the very heart of Seville. Only then afterwards
之后 当事情变得明朗化 when things became more public, and I has been
我也进入了整个过程的第二阶段 in the process of the second, the city decided to
市政府得到了市民的支持 move it more towards the realization project with
才决定开始实施工程 the support of the citizens. So this is Seville,
这就是塞维利亚 欧洲最大的中世纪城市 supposedly the largest Medieval town center in Europe.
就是图中从上到下 And this egg-like shape that goes from
蛋状的区域 top to bottom of this picture, but you see on the
左边是92年世博会的场址 left side is the expo site from 92. And this was
这或许是塞维利亚最后一次 maybe the last moment of innovation or
城市创新时刻 urban innovation that happened in Seville.
现在整个城市都在进行大转变 Now the whole city goes through complete transformation.
他们在建地铁 They are building subways now.
重修所有的广场 They are redoing all their plazas with covering
我们04年去的时候很多广场的地面 the kingdom when we came in 2004. A lot of the plazas still have
还只是压过的土地 really just compressed earth, didn't really have,
有的街道还是沙路 or even some streets were still like sand streets or
或者压过的沙路 compressed sand streets. So it's quite amazing how
因此城市在过去几年的发展是惊人的 fast the city develops in the last couple of years.
比赛场地就是中间红色区域 The competition site is the red spot in the center.
它就像一颗新的心脏 希望能 It's somehow like the new heart, or will hopefully
重新成为城市的新心脏 become the new heart again of the city. This was
这是食品市场的旧址 where the food market was before. And it had to
在50年代曾迁走一部分70年代又迁走 move out in the 50s one part, in the 70s the other part,
另一部分 因为市场变得太大 because it just became too big. And the food market
变得太重要 又位于市中心 was too important and too complicated to
所以让人很难去到哪里 reach in the center of the city. This site is
这块地对于周边有很大的意义 important in the very local context, because the
因为城市南部高度发展 southern half of the downtown area is highly developed.
主要的机构 市政府 It has all the main institutions, the town hall,
商业街 大教堂都位于那里 the shopping streets, the big cathedrals.
相对而言 北部虽然不是危险地段 The northern part was still or is still a little bit
但也发展缓慢 有一些不安定的区域 not dangerous, but underdeveloped. It had some
因此这个工程就旨在能 scary areas. So this project is meant to bring this
将塞维利亚南部的发展 development from the south also to the northern
带到北部去 part of downtown Seville. Of course, it should
当然国家的援助也是必须的 have certain national effects, competing Spanish cities,
同西班牙其他城市竞争 吸引更多 and then of course to attract international
外国投资和游客 business and also tourism. The sign went through
整个过程经历了一系列的试验 a whole process quite lineal with trial and error.
我们设计了不同的几何效果 We developed different geometries. We tested them
通过模型试验 这个就是我们最终的结果 in models. And this one is always the one that came back.
我们知道这项工程必须能 And we knew that it had to be somehow an object
成为这块区域的标志 to define this space rather than to work on
而不是仅仅去配合周边建筑 the periphery. Since the market was there before,
因为市场曾在这里 具有重要意义 also was this object that actually holds this space.
这也是比赛所涉及的一个情况 This was the situation for the competition.
我曾提过这里以前是食品市场 As I mentioned before there was a food market.
我想我有图片 I think I have pictures. This was the situation for
这是比赛所涉及的一个情况 要求 the competition. The competition asked for keeping
保留底部的考古发现 这是在建造 the archeology that was found after starting to
一个四层停车场时发掘的 build a four-story parking garage. Building the walls,
在建了墙体 挖了6米 taking out the earth, and then after 6 meters
他们发现了这个罗马遗迹 they found all these Roman ruins. Actually more
这是这个城市在罗马时代的起源地 or less the center of where the city started in
接着整个工程停止了 Roman times. So that's when everything froze.
曾有计划是建一个普通的广场 There was a plan to build just a normal plaza
配有一个小食品市场 with a small food market. And that's when
但是这样一切工程停止了 everything froze. The idea was to rethink what
要重新考虑21世纪的城市空间如何布局 is an urban space in 21th century, how can maybe
如何让这里成为一个代表 there being an icon that represents that, how can
如何让它借着这个特别的机会 the archeological window to the history of Seville
成为塞维利亚的历史之窗 as the unique chance that kind of given, how can
如何保留古迹又能配合城市规划 this be preserved and also be part of that scheme,
当然要恢复食品市场 and of course bring back some of the food
不过只是作为一个周边的市场 market functions, more as a local food market,
不是为整个城市提供食物 not so much as the one that feeds the whole city.
如你所见 南部已在50年代被拆除了 As you see here, the southern part was torn down
用来建设一条通往市中心的 in the 50s to create this end stop of a bus line
公交线的底站 that will bring you to the center of the city. The
北部在70年代拆除 northern part was torn down in the 70s. And again
计划是建停车场 the development was about parking. All these are
这些计划都不存在了 整个城市将无车 gone now. The whole city now will be car-free.
只有出租车可以开进城市 Maybe just taxis can go in there. But that's the
但同时也会修建地铁和火车等等 idea of introducing the subway also trains and so forth.
这里曾是市场 So this was the market. As you see, it's
如你所见 就坐落在这里 kind of an object sitting there. And all the
周边建筑都是小的街边建筑 facades that happened around there were
在某一时期 small street facades. At some point they just
他们就用了一些布 ripped out basically fabric to create larger space
搭建出更大的棚子 for larger volume buildings.
这一状况持续了30年 This was the temporary situation for about 30 years,
直到食品市场被拆除 after they torn down the food market.
这是比赛开始时的周边环境 And this was the situation when the competition was started.
当我们赢了之后 Then when we won, the archeologist
考古学家进入了这片场地 somehow had to come in. Basically 2 months
2个月后我们才能开始打地基 before we were allowed to do our foundations,
因为考古学家要做记录 to record everything, to take out the mosaics,
取走马赛克 柱子等一切文物 the columns, or whatever they found. So step
一步一步的 考古学家们 by step, it was going like through the site and
在遗址上做记录 保存文物 record and preserve what's there to bring it
将它们带回考古博物馆 now back into the archeology museum.
在第一个阶段 So in the first phase, then I'm telling you
我为大家简单介绍一下过程 a little bit about the process, because I think
因为我认为这是整个工程的关键 that's the key to why the project can happen.
有可能这会发生 There was a chance that this would happen.
就今天的经济来说 I think nowadays with the economy, Spain being
西班牙整个垮了 also completely collapsed. I've doubted it would
我想现在是不会建这种工程的 be built again nowadays. But in the first phase,
在第一阶段 我们设计了这种云 we developed this kind of cloud to cover the space
用来遮挡阳光 or to give some shadow. And I think
我想最适合这片区域的元素 the most important element that we could introduce
就是阴凉的地方 能让人们 there is actually shadow to allow people to hang out
在夏天 甚至一整年都能 in the square like this in summer or most
在广场上休闲 第二阶段 of the time of the year. Then in the second phase,
我想共有180个参赛作品 there were about 180 entries I think. They selected
他们选了10个 第一阶段全部匿名 10 projects. The first phase was completely anonymous.
在第二阶段 他们选出了10名 The second phase, they selected 10 projects. And
每一个都各不相同 they were completely different each of them.
我们都要去塞维利亚向 And we all have to come to Seville to present
其他参选者 以及市民们 our project to the others, also to present
展示我们的作品 得到他们的反馈 in public forms to the citizens. There was a feedback.
在一个网站上有 There was a whole website where
所有的文件 绘图 以及结构 all the documents, all the drawings, all the texture
供所有人浏览 也有一本访客留言 available to everybody. There was a guest book.
我们很受鼓舞 And it was quite also for us supportive to read
因为通过留言 我们知道自己的作品 that our project was the one that actually mostly
在第二阶段是最受欢迎 也是最热门的 welcomed and mostly discussed in the second
因此我们全身心投入 phase. So we put a lot of energy, carefully looked
仔细阅读网站上的评论与建议 at the comments and critic that was articulated
在第一阶段 我们还有涉入很深 on the website. The first phase, we were kind of
也没有去塞维利亚 out of interest and without going to Seville.
我在92年世博会的时候曾去过 There were some memories I had going to the
但是在第二阶段 expo site in 92. But then in the second phase,
我们回到塞维利亚 再次检查 we went back actually to double check and
将我们的设计同 compare our scheme to maybe elements that
建筑场地 以及周边环境做对比 we would find on site or in the neighboring areas,
仔细分析我们的项目 to start to find in our project but also try to
将其解释的更简而易懂 articulate and argue to make our project more
是那些不是建筑行业的人 approachable also for people who are not in the
也能明白我们在做什么 architecture field and don't read really about
这是旁边广场上的 what we are trying to do. So this is the square
几棵大树 next door with these huge trees. And in a way
它的形状和我们设计的天伞 it's kind of growing similar spatial proposal to
非常相似 what we did with our parasols. This is the roof
这是教堂的屋顶 of the cathedral which somehow was one of
最初的构想是像一个在城市 initial ideas. It's like the flying stone carpet
上空的石制飞毯 over the city. And then of course the structure
下面的结构确定了基座 from underneath as this kind of base defining
我们喜欢称自己的设计为 element. And in a way we also like to call our
民主城市开放式教堂 project the democratic urban open cathedral
同塞维利亚封闭的宗教的教堂形成对比 verse the closed religious contained cathedrals of Seville.
这幅图里可以看到四层结构 Here you see again the four different layers.
底部是古迹遗址 We have the archeology on the bottom. Then the
主层是食品市场和两三个商业区 main floor has the food market and 2, 3 commercial areas.
接着是升高的广场 以及坡地 That's the elevated plaza. Again the swelling
这出现在Stylepark的休息室 of the ground if you think back to the UIA
以及Danfoss大学的工程中过 Stylepark lounge, even the Danfoss Universe project.
这是像蘑菇一样高出的结构 And then we have these mushrooms growing up.
顶层有一家餐厅 以及观光露台 There is a restaurant on top, and a panoramic walk.
一些平面图 Some floor plans. Maybe just to show you that
向大家展示我们设计的的这些网点 we developed this grid of points which then we
在需要的时候 这些地方 could somehow activate as certain programs,
可以变成小水域 sometimes became a water paddle, sometimes a
或者一小块草地 也可以是伞的基座 little grass areas, sometimes a foot of a parasol,
有时也可以仅仅改变一下地面的颜色 sometimes just a color change in the ground floor.
左侧是罗马时代遗址 The archeology on the left side where the areas
这一块区域我们不能做任何改变 we were not allowed to touch or show in these
这些选出来的点 base colors. And then the selected points where
是我们用来装载的区域 we bring down the loads. So in a way starting
从屋顶的造型 到装载货物 with the roof shape, bring down the loads and
到各种选出的区域 这些设计 various selected points kind of automatically
自然而然的形成了这项工程的结构属性 generated the sculpture quality of this project.
这是餐厅的平面图 And here you see the restaurant floor plan, or
以及观光露台的轮廓 at least the outline with the panoramic walk.
这层要比周围的建筑高出一点 So the level is just a little bit higher than the
我们必须同安达路西亚的文化部 buildings around. We had to negotiate with the
进行协商 因为整座城市 cultural administration of Andalucía. It's the
虽然没受联合国教科文组织保护 whole city is kind of UNESCO not protected
但是也受到了关注 but like in their view. I think the southern part
我想城市南部的确受到了保护 of the downtown area is actually UNESCO
需要进行协商的一般是 protected. So it was always about negotiating
可以做出哪些不同 how much it can be different, and how much it has
如何能融入塞维利亚的规模和结构 to be part of the scale and structure of Seville.
建筑高30米 长150米 The dimension is about 30 meters height, 150 meters long,
宽75米 在底部 and 75 meters width. And in the lower section,
你又可以看到结构 结构有些混乱 you see the structure again. It's kind of a messy structure.
根据不同需要 Again the structure where it needs to
设计不同的结构 有铁制结构 be steel is steel, where it needs to be concrete is concrete,
混凝土结构 以及木制结构 and where it needs to be wood is wood.
底层依旧是 So all the base part now is again
高压缩的木板 外层涂有聚亚安酯 this highly-compressed laminated wood with polyurethane coating.
因为消防等原因 We have a concrete core for elevators because of
我们为电梯设计了一个混凝土圆柱 fire issues certain stiffness. We have a steel structure
还有铁制结构等等 我们一步一步地 for large and so forth. Then step by step
设计细节 接合细节 以及几何结构 we get closer detail, the joint detail, the geometries.
还研究了阴影 Look at shadow studies like which areas of
看在一天中哪段时间 what part of time, what time of the day could
适合哪种活动 be occupied with different programs. And what
令工程变得困难的一个原因就是 makes it really difficult is that the project partly
工程是由市政府和私企共同支付的 paid for by the city and partly by private companies.
属于公私联合的工程之一 It's one of these public-private partnership project.
而我们则成了二者的协调人 Then we now become somehow the mediator
公司当然希望花的越少越好 between the company who tries to do everything
而市政府则希望确保建筑 as cheap as possible versus the city who wants to
能至少使用40年 be sure that it stays alive at least for 40 years,
因为这是在土地回到市政府前 because that's how long the company can make
公司能赚取利益的年限 profits before it goes back to the city. And that's
当然也要关心工程的细节与质量 of course caring about detailing and the quality
所以此时 of the project. So at this point, it's constantly
三方需要协同合作 working with triangle. The project
工程总共需要六千万欧元 政府付三千万 is about 60 million Euros. So 30 million are paid for by the city.
其余由公司支付 The rest is paid by the company. So like step by step,
随着经济越来越困难 also with the economy being so difficult and they
姊妹公司支付的速度越来越慢 get paid by the sister company who then slow down.
每月能得到的工程支出越来越少 And they have less money to spend every month
就是这个状况 on the project. So that's how everything. It's kind
像是一个连锁反应 of a chain reaction. And the city becomes
市政府开始焦虑 要求无论如何 so nervous now that they say it has to be down
都要在今年年底竣工 by the end of this year no matter what. They are now
他们现在一周两次派来了督察人员到工地 bring in people who supervise this construction site
这幅图中是一些金属材料 大梁 twice a week. So here again you see this metal pieces,
以及高压缩的木板 this timber plates with this highly
正是这个机器裁出了这些形状 compressed wood layers, this machine that cuts out
话筒声音怎么听上去不同了 all these forms. This sounds different now.
一件非常有趣的事就是 And what is interesting is the move from
从在第一阶段制作一个特定的有孔隙的云朵 creating a certain perforated cloud, which was
到制作支柱 in the first phase to building the volume and
将它制成热带树木的形状 having it cut like a topiary tree allowed us to
并保留一定我们现在仍需要的灵活性 keep a certain flexibility that we still have to
因为空间需根据技术需要而改变 have these days, because dimensions according
如何设计细节 to technical needs, how we detail it, the certain
是有何种动力 这些都要经常协商 forces that go in, still have to be constantly negotiated.
这是两年前的工地 So this here is the construction site
可以很清晰的看到 about 2 years ago. Again it shows quite clearly
外墙以及两个装电梯的水泥柱 the perimeter walls and two concrete cores for the elevators.
这是两年前 This was the situation also about
两年不到以前的复活节 Easter 2 years ago, less than 2 years.
工程不仅有物流上的问题 And the project not only has its own logistical problems,
还有应先建什么 what has to be built first, what is the whole
整个建筑过程是什么等等问题 process of getting this done with the archeologist
当然其中也包括政治考量 and so forth. But of course, it had to be part of
市长希望能在选举中连任 political logistics. The mayor wanted to be
因此平台需要先建起来 reelected again. So this platform had to be up,
虽然这不符合工程程序 although it wouldn't make sense at that point.
但是市长希望能让工程看上去有进展 But he wanted to show that things go forward.
这样他就能在前面拍照 And there is a picture that he can take in front of this thing.
这是2周前 Just before 2 weeks earlier, this is one
也是我最喜欢的照片之一 塞维利亚的圣周 of my favorite pictures, Semana Santa en Seville.
这项工程也要考虑到宗教的因素 So this project is actually also built into a
在复活节之前 religious logistics. So they are these processions
有一大群的人要游行 with flows that go through the whole city whole
穿过整个城市 week before Easter. So we had to take down
因此我们要卸掉调车 将工地后移 the crane, we had moved back the construction
空出传统的路线 site so that would be the traditional route that
好让人群能在那一周时从工地中穿过 the crowd would go through our construction site
这些设施对建起平台 for this one week. And these beans that are there
非常重要 were actually important to move up that platform.
请看这些铁线 You see this steel cable. And I will go back one
我们回头看一幅图片 有了这些支架 image until we had these supports. This was a
这是一个月以后的照片 picture taken about one month later.
这些是其他地基以及支架 So then comes all the other foundations and supports.
大家可以看到很有趣的规模的变化 And you see quite interesting scale change
天伞的占地和 between the footprints of the parasols
这些小房子 它们不应 and these small houses that were never really
作为大建筑的表面 meant to be the facades for large buildings.
就像巴塞罗那的市政广场一样 So it's like plaza mayor Barcelona, where this
漂亮的建筑表面囊括了这个空间 beautiful facade contains the space. It's actually
而在里却恰恰相反 它们在不同时间 the reverse thing. All different heights, all
建成 有着不同的高度 different times when they were built. Here we
这幅图里是横跨 see the overall plaza with the fistill structure
整个工地的结构 that spans this large archeological field.
面前的这个小圈 The small circle in the front. This is where the last parasol
是最后一把天伞的位置 will come down. Then you have one across
一把天伞在街对过 一把在左边 the street, one more on the left site, then the
还有两个混凝土柱 two concrete cores. When you are up there,
上到上部就是餐厅的位置 this is the level for the restaurant. The most
最高点就在这个混凝土柱的顶端 upper point will be on top of this concrete core,
还要再高一点 你能看到教堂的塔楼 a little bit higher. And you see the tower of
各大家举个例算一下工程 the cathedral, and just give you an example of
是如何计算的 how this project gets calculated.
每年有两百万游客花两欧元 About 2 million visitors a year pay each one 2 Euros to go up
去爬塔楼 and down that tower. So that makes a ready
这样一年就有四百万的收入 4 millions every year just by walking up and down.
以同样的方法 Something similar then becomes part of the
来计算这个工程 calculation for example to this project. So the
因此观光走廊和餐厅必须 panoramic walk and the restaurant had to be
足够吸引人 attractive enough to have people also come up
让人们愿意上来消费 and spend money on that project. I think it's so
塞维利亚能允许在一个 fascinating that the city like Seville would
很重要的文艺复兴时期的教堂边 allow structure like this close to a really
建造这样的建筑让我很惊喜 important Renaissance church for example.
我常想我们为何会赢得比赛 Although sometimes I think why did we win this
为何要建造它 competition and why do we have to build this.
来到现场 我惊讶的发现真的有人 I go there. And I'm amazed that somebody really
在认真的建造它 takes it serious and builds this, because in
因为这绝不会发生在德国 Germany this would never happen. It will take
光是讨论就要花十年 10 years discussions. The center of Munik
这样的工程是永远都不可能的 I could not see a project like this at all.
或许在一个工业区的游乐园里才有可能 Maybe on a fairground somewhere in an industrial area.
因此我为塞维利亚人们的 So it's a culture I think I have so much respect
好奇心和勇气感到敬佩 for their curiosity and their encouragement.
我们有着截然不同的文化 Although it's a completely different culture.
在德国会被人说是有些奇怪 In Germany we have to say...it's a little
而且你去到那里 就会觉得非常 bit strange. And actually it's quite Spanish when
有西班牙的感觉 you go there. But I think only under these circumstances,
我认为只有在这样的情况下 this kind of innovation really
这样的创新才能实现 这幅图是什么 can happen. Now something is happening here.
图中看到的是来到工地的 So what we see now is the first piece of wood
第一块木板 coming to the construction site. We have these
内部装有维修梯 前两个基座正被立起 maintenance stairs inside. The first two footprints
这幅也是天伞与周围建筑 are going up. Again scale changes
规模的对比 between parasol and houses.
这块是坡地 This is the swelling of the ground. So this becomes
这是底层食物市场的屋顶 the roof now to the food market which is on the ground level.
为了消防安全 前五米必须 We need to have concrete and metal
建有混凝土金属层 covers in the first 5 meters because of fire issues.
因此这里就有了更坚硬的结构 So that's where we have more solid construction.
接着是木结构 And then the wood structure happens. And then
接下来是这些图片 of course we have these pictures. So that's the
是原始图与效果图 kind of before and after, or like this is now and
原来的样子与我们希望能建成的样子 this hopefully will be the future. And you see
其中一些已经建起来了 some of the pieces are already going up. This
这是顶部的观光走廊 is the panoramic walk on top, a view from
从餐厅看到的城市风景 the restaurant onto the city landscape, the
塞维利亚的视野 horizon line of Seville. I think this is a picture
我想这幅图是历史与现实的结合 that shows quite well the simultaneity of history,
当你坐在那里 presence, and some kind of a vision you sit
就能欣赏历史遗迹 down and deep to the archeology. This have
底层是为日常生活服务 the ground floor of everyday life. And then of
这些天伞将你升到了较高的位置 course these parasols that elevate you up to
希望它能成为各种 the horizon line. Then it will become a special place
活动的特殊场地 hopefully for events. Again the different levels
这是我设计的不同层以及不同部分 and the different parts I created through
一件事关于 this intervention. An important thing also for
这个地区的经济生存 let's say the economical survival of that place.
他们可以关闭上层 They could let's say close up the upper part
然后来举办明戈节 and have a special for the Mingo festival,
音乐会 车展 或者其他活动 a concert, a car presentation or something.
同时 这里也可以一直是 At the same time, there will always become
公共区域 public areas open and accessible. And it's a
这对于在西班牙的塞维利亚工作真是 real gift to work in Seville in Spain, because
一件好事 因为这里公共区域一天都很活跃 the public spaces are so lively and busy 24 hours a day.
晚上两三点甚至比 At 2 or 3 at night sometimes more
下午两三点还要热闹 busy than 2 or 3 in the afternoon. So in a way
这座城市也给了市民一件礼物 this city gives back a gift to their citizens,
让大家能全天享受 and really celebrating a communal experience
公共生活 在特殊时刻 24 hours a day. And then at special moments,
这里能像图中一样热闹 it could be as dramatic as this image, where
成为市中心的最具吸引力的地方 it really becomes that one special attractor in
我想这就是最后一幅图 the heart of the city. I think this is the last image
或许是这幅 or maybe this one here. This project I think really
我认为这项工程包含了我们十年的成果 wraps up step by step developed in the last
从材料调研 10 years, from material research to thinking
到考虑人与技术之间的接触 about encounters between the human body and
从反馈 回应到安慰 technology, feedback and responses to comfort,
公开 鲁莽 沟通 exposure, indiscretion, communication, forms of
甚至各种误解 miscommunication even. So I think that project
我想这项工程在这里达到终点 somehow culminates at this point. Again if
如果一切顺利的话 everything goes well, I think it will be open
我想在一年又三个月之后就会开门 in about a year and three months or so.
谢谢大家能来 So thank you very much for coming.