这是第二部分讲座 This is the second part of our presentation
在受到了大家的声讨和赞美之后 Julian was kind enough to come back for the second round
朱利安能再次回到这里真是太好了 after the bullying he received and the title...
我开玩笑的 I'm kidding
他们这学期增加了三明治 They put them back in this sandwich this term
还有一些人不认识朱利安 For those of you who don't know Julian
朱利安是约克郡圣约翰大学 Julian is the Dean of Education and Theology School
教育与神学学院的院长 in York St. John University in York
他来自圣约翰大学 and he is in York St. John
发表了不少有关精神性和教育 does a lot of writing to spirituality, education
以及这两个交叉领域研究的著作 the intersection of the two
他从牛津大学获得了他的博士 He is a philosopher by training, Oxford, that is
所以我们都和他作对 We want all that against him
他发表了很多有关精神性研究的著作 and has just written prolific on this topic.
他是我的好朋友 He's been a good friend of mine
我几年前在一次会议中和他结识 I met him a number of years ago in the conferences
我们一起做了几年的研究 we've been doing over the years
并将这种关系一直保持了下来 and so we can continue our relationship
我们的一位同事 We have...one of our colleagues
迈克 伯德里几年前在这里工作 Mike Bodery here some years ago
他说他也对这个话题很感兴趣 he talked about, he's interested in
所以朱利安和我们正在研究的课题有密切的联系 so Julian is very intimately connected with what we do
也就是精神性和教育的交叉领域的研究 in the intersection of spirituality and education
我希望大家一个一个来 So I like people just go around
做一个自我介绍 and just kind of introduce themselves
谈谈你们为什么对这个话题感兴趣 their interest in the topic
然后朱利安就可以开讲了 and they will have Julian go ahead and start
大家好 很高兴能认识大家 Hello, it's good to hear who you are
我在这里工作了40年 已经退休 Retired after 40 years here
从事美国和欧洲问题研究 American plus European studies
听不清 Inaudible
文学专业 教育学院 特殊教育 Literacy, School of Education, special education
谢谢 Thank you
莎伦阿尔伯特 来自教育学院的辅导员教育专业 Sharon Albert, counselor education, School of Education
詹姆斯威廉姆斯 来自教育学院的辅导员教育专业 James Williams, counselor education, School of Education
我来自教育学院 School of Education
教育领导学专业 Education of leadership
约翰 教育领导学专业 John, education of leadership
弗兰克克莱姆来自教育学院 Frank Clime, School of Education
听不清 Inaudible
苏珊莎文森来自教育学院 Susan Saverson, School of Education
欧文塞琳来自教育学院 Owen, Saline, School of Education
对不起 我没有听清你的名字 I'm sorry, I don't hear your name
我叫欧文塞琳 My name's Owen Saline
谢谢你 欧文 Owen, thank you
我叫米兰达 是2006年毕业的校友 I'm Miranda. I'm an alumni 2006
我获得了社会学方面的学位 I got my degree in sociology
我喜欢教年轻人 I have the interest in teaching young people
喜欢和年轻人共事 working with young people
谢谢你 米兰达 Thank you Miranda
克里斯安特勒 辅导员教育专业 Christy Atler, counselor education
我叫克里斯托弗 来自教育学院文学专业 Christopher at School of Education, literacy
我的专业是本科教育 戴维斯学院 Undergrad education, School of Ed. Davis, School of Ed
后面还有一些朋友没有自我介绍 We have another couple of people
我是苏珊 I'm Susan
奖学金与教职工发展中心的主任 I'm the director with Center of Scholarship and Faculty Development
这是个经典的好差事 Well, that's a classic good title
所以我才说这是个好差事 I was right to say that was a good title
我是鲍勃 来自神学院 I'm Bob. I'm in the School of Theology
这里聚集了一群各种学术背景的专家 I've got a varied group of scholars here
我可能会站起来然后再坐下 I would probably stand up and then sit down
然后又站起来 and then stand up again
抱歉你们可能会被我的动作弄得晕头转向 so I apologize if you get seasick or tired of the movement
我要做这些事 I would do that sort of things
如果我现在还年轻 I think I will probably get diagnosed with something
他们可能会觉得我是不是有病 if I was a young person again today
因为我经常有这种动作 because I'm always...
像痉挛一样 Vegetative
有一个希腊词可以形容这个动作 I've got some Greek words for it now
但现在就是痉挛 but basically I'm vegetative
我得先打开这个 I have to do this
开了吗 Is it on?
这里有个按钮 I have an actual button on
所以你们需要计量科学家呢 That's why you need quantitative scientists
确实有用 It does work
谢谢 Thank you
精神和专业主义 So, spirit and professionalism
我想多讲一些 I want to talk about, and even more
这是我在这里做的最后一场讲座 This is the last presentation I'm doing here
我在这里的时候已经做了5到6场 I've done 5 or 6 presentations
这是最后一场 and this is the sixth of them while I'm here
这不是我要做的最后一件事 particularly because this is not the last thing
我还会对学校的各方人员进行访谈 I'm going to school and talking with people in open invitations
在这场最后的讲座中 But this is the last that
我特别希望能给大家分享我的观点 I'm particularly keen to find out as well as to give out
听取你们的意见 to find out more...
我会重复一些上一场讲座的内容 I will recap some of the things that I did in the last one
因为有些人没有参加上一场的讲座 because there are people here who did not hear before
我将讲一下专业的本质是什么 I will go into the nature of the professional
专业的教育工作者 专业的教师 the professional educator, the professional teacher
专业的研究人员 专业的图书管理员 the professional researcher, the professional librarian
专业人员的专业精神 the professional, the professional spirit of professional
以及四所公立学校如何展现专业精神 and how that works in four public schools
这是就公立学校而言 with respect to public schools
所以这就是我要讲的内容 So I'll talk about
我们又见面了 我又来了 here we are again, here I am again
听不清 Inaudible
这是我找到的有关我的最准确的漫画 This most accurate picture I've got of myself
上面的口袋里装了三支钢笔 It could be the three pens in the top pocket
起到了幽默的提示作用 which is comic reminder
我们又见面了 Here we are again
共同思考学校的精神 thinking about the spirit of school
我还会讲到学校的精神是什么 I will talk again about what I think the spirit of school is
在座的一些同僚曾经和我共事过 Because some of you have actually worked with me before
我想在这里 你们可能想重温一下这个话题 I think at this stage, you may wish to pick it back
你们可能打算提出不同意见 You may wish to start disagreeing exquisitely
我相信你们脑海中已有了不同意见 尽管提出来 I'm sure you were at your head at some points, just ask again
我要讲讲我们已知的信息 I want to talk about what we have already known
不光是我如何了解或如何认定学校精神 not just how do I know or what do I think the spirit of school it is
而是我已知的信息 but what I know about it
我会给大家举一些我们研究中的案例 and I've got some examples from the research
一些来自于文献 some from the literature
一些来自于参与研究的孩子和成年人 and some from what children and adults said during the research
我的目的是给大家展示丰富的论据 Just to give you some more taste of the sort of evidence I was trying to...
我会告诉大家我认为什么是学校的精神 I was finding about what I would regard as the spirit of school
职业道德听起来有点像 The virtuous professional sounds like one of those things
找东西来证明"我很有道德" like you get a vouch saying "I'm a virtuous..."
用一个另类颜色的围巾或其他什么 you get the different color scarves or something like
来证明你是一个有职业道德的专业人士 that now that you are a virtuous professional
我所指的不是那种道德 I don't mean that in that sort of way
我所说的职业道德 I mean by "virtuous professional"
"道德"是指专业人士所展现的 the "virtuous" is positive dispositions and attitudes
一种积极的品质和态度 that professionals may show
而不是一套职业道德规范条例 rather than the set of professional rules and regulations
规定你该做什么 不该做什么 as to what you are not supposed to do. What are we supposed to do
关于具有不同能力的专业人员应该做什么 I would be interested to hear what you are wanting to do and be
我希望听到你们有关这个话题的意见 as professionals in very different capacities where you are supposed...
接下来是什么? And what next?
我在这里工作时 "接下来是什么"在不断变化 What next is changing daily as I work here
"接下来是什么"指的是 What next is possibilities of what I happen to be here
我刚好呆在西雅图太平洋大学 西雅图地区 in SPU and in Seattle area
华盛顿州和美国时 以及你们工作的场所 and in Washington State and the U.S. and in your...
可能出现的新的可能性 the other places with which you are working
所以"接下来是什么"是一个激动人心的话题 So what next is getting exciting
我列出了我要做的事 I've got a list of things of what I'm wanting to do
以及当时其他人想做的事 and at the time other people are wanting to do as well
这就是我的打算 So that's what I'll do
什么是学校的精神? So what's the spirit of the school?
这个概念的意思不光是... It would be not only mean
如果有人听过我以前的讲座 but entirely inappropriate to ask people if they remember
我们不应问他们是否记得我对这个概念的理解 what I said the spirit of school was when they heard it before
所以我不会讲... So I won't be so...
这是我对学校精神的理解 this is what I think the spirit of school is
中间有些说明用括号括了起来 There are bits of brackets of explications
句子比较长 It's a long sentence
学校精神是指对生命产生影响的社群 The spirit of school is life-effecting inclusive, community
心胸开阔的领导能力 magnanimous leadership
是友谊 是对话 是创造性 It's friendly, dialogic, it's creative
这里的"创造性"不是指墙上漂亮的图案 By "creative", I don't mean it's got pretty patterns on the wall
当然那也很好 that's good as well
这里指的是有创造性的去创造事物 it is creatively creates things
创造意义和创造人 meanings and people
学校讨厌被称作"工厂" Schools hate to use the word "factories"
学校是创造有创造力人才的地方 but schools are the places where people are creative
而不是创造人的地方 not the only places where those people are created
家庭和其他地方也创造人 They are created in their families and their homes and other areas
但在学校 人才有了意志力 but it is among other things a place where people become more will
哲学家约翰 麦克姆雷这样说 What John Macmurray, the philosopher, used a lot of...
人们有了更多的意志力 says it is more will
你们有什么不同意见吗? Can you disagree...
就这个问题有不同观点吗? can someone disagree with in that case?
哪怕一点点? Or some bit of it?
我不喜欢太简单的工作 I don't like it being too easy
你们觉得有没有什么需要补充的 Is there something missing
你们如何认识学校精神的? from that you think how saying the spirit of school
我想谈谈这个问题 I want to say something about this
或者的确有需要补充的内容... or surely that is not something...
这个定义是不完整的 等等 that's just too incomplete or something
我不确定有没有 I don't know if there
但你强调了"真实"一词 but your emphasis is on "real"
我想就这个问题谈谈 I just want to pick up and say
太棒了 有一个人发现了玄学的奥秘 bravo, there's only guy, metaphysics
你弄明白了 You get it
你知道了什么是"真实" You know what is "real"
你已经摸清了门道 you are well on the way
你是这样说的 You said that
听不清 Inaudible
我使用"真实"一词的平常意思 I'm getting "real" or whatever is used is an ordinary phrase
这段话出自约翰 麦克姆雷 John Macmurray, from whom this comes
他是一位苏格兰哲学家 a Scottish philosopher said what I think is a terribly sad thing
他说感到心烦意乱是一件可怕的事情 said it's said to upset
我想到独自一人 I think of myself alone
这个论述就变得毫无意义了 the idea just crumbles away to dust
他描述一段很悲哀的过往 That was sad self description.
他独自度过了20多岁的岁月 That 20s he spent on his own
这个观点对他而言是没有意义的 The idea crumbles away to dust
我听很多学校老师描述他们的暑假 I heard quite a lot of school teachers saying about the summer vacation
暑假过完一半的时候 At the middle of summer vacation
他们还没有找到可做的事情 they haven't got the things to do
他们有很长的暑假 and they have a very long vacation in the summer
一些人说他们有4到5周的时间 Some states actually have 4 or 5 weeks depending how long it is
许多老师似乎都有这样的感受 Quite a lot of teachers seem to have
他们告诉我他们在思考存在的意义 they told me that they had a sort of existential thing
存在的目的是什么 what's the purpose of...
现实情况是这些东西都消失了 the reality is where the stuff disappear
我认为人们之所以产生这样的感受 I think, I suspect that those who do suffer in that way
是因为各种关系对他们的影响太大 is because of the intensity of the relationship
工作强度太大 the intensity of the work
学校教师的现实工作情况是 and the reality of the work of the school teacher is such that
如果你停止工作 when you stop doing it
那么一部分你存在的意义也就消失了 part of yourself is where it disappears, dissipated
一种解决办法是 One solution to that
我不推荐这种办法 但我看见很多老师都这样做 which I don't recommend but I see an awful lot is those teachers
这些放假的老师在沙滩上组织活动 who are on vacation organize all the games on the beach
全部由他们亲自组织活动 organize all the games by themselves
他们不当老师就活不下去 无法转换身份 who can't stop being teachers just can't switch off
所以他们是100%的全职教师 so they are 100% full-time teachers
我认为这是种不健康的状态 which is not healthy I think
思考在不教书的情况下如何生活才是更健康的态度 more healthy to work out how you can exist without teaching
回到屏幕上的定义 我们挑出"也许"一词 I think we go back to the...we may pick out "perhaps"
你能不能多讲讲"精神饱满"一词 if you talk a little bit about who were spirited as oppose to...
以及这个词和"生气勃勃"以及"活泼的"区别 you know, you can...the word "vibrant", "alive"
其实"活泼"这个词很好 "alive" is good actually
你能不能详细讲讲"精神"一词 Say more about the word "spirit" if you will
我选择"精神"和"精神饱满"这两个词 I chose the words "spirit" and "spirited"
我之所以研究"精神性" 部分原因是 I chose to work on spirituality in part because
简单的说 是因为在英国 the simple reason is that in the U.K.
法律规定所有教师和所有学校 it is a statute obligation for all teachers and all schools
必须在所有课程中开发学生的精神性 to develop children's spirituality in all lessons
对于那些习惯了公立学校环境的人来说 Now that sounds quite shocked to some people
他们会对这一规定感到不解 who are used to public schools
因为公立学校没有这样的情况 where that doesn't happen
但这一理念从20世纪40年代开始就在英国扎下了根 It's embedded in U.K. since 1940s
已经有很长的历史了 It's long embedded
我想人们经常忽略这点 I think it's reasonable to say it's long often ignored
但实际情况却是如此 But I think it happens
无论人们是否忽略这个问题 I think it actually happens
事实确实如此 whether you ignore it or not
换句话说 In other words
我所理解的"精神性"深深扎根于我们的日常生活 what I understand by "spirituality" is something embedded in everyday life
日常事务中都体现了精神性 it's on daily things
它决定了我们如何联系 It's about how we relate and how we connect
如何超越我们当前的境况 and how we transcend ourselves from the current position
所以精神性的部分内涵 So part of it, by interest of spirituality
就是我们如何解读和利用这一法律规定 is how can we unpack and make use of this law that says
即如何从精神上帮助学生发展 that you must help children develop spiritually
以及当我将精神性作为特定事物思考时 and how can I work on something
我应该做些什么 when I think of spirituality as a certain sort of things
我认为精神性的本质就是一种相互关系 What I think spirituality is essentially relational
正如我在昨天的课堂上指出的 as in the class I did yesterday
我们要克服二元主义 described about overcoming dualism
你可能和别人分隔开来 You may be divided from another person
你可能觉得头脑和身体是相互分离的 you may feel yourself the mind and body
精神和身体互不相同 and the soul and spirit and the body are quite distinct
你可能觉得你与其他人 You may feel yourself alienated from other people
其他社会或团体格格不入 or other societies or other groups
在宗教上 你感觉自己脱离了你所信仰的神 You may religiously feel yourself alienated from your god
这就是我的认识 This is what I see it
距离和疏远 is distance and alienation
宗教世界和世俗世界都会使用到"精神"一词 and the spirit is precisely both in religious and secular terms
我认为这个词体现了关系 需要克服二元主义 I think at which relates and overcomes those dualisms
它使人们得以存在 That's which allows people to exist
通过与其他人发生关系而变得更为真实 to become more real through that relationship with other people
正如马丁 布伯所说的 an imaginative leap, Martin Buber says
是一个飞跃了真实的幻想 a real fantasy
是通过想象力的飞跃进入了另一个人的真实世界 A leap of imagination into the reality of another person
而不是一种凭空的幻想 not into a fantastic version
不是想象的合二为一 not imaginatively into unicum or what have you
而是想象进入另一个人的真实世界 but imaginatively into other individual people
这是一种飞跃 That's one day into the leap
后面一排 你有问题要问吗? At the back, do you want to ask questions?
我对这个问题很好奇 I'm curious about this
你讲述的这么多内容在我看来都比较虚幻 One is this rich statement that you have seems more visionary to me
有点像罗伯 格林里夫有关领导力的观点 kind of like Robber Greenleaves' notion of leadership
那些和你有关系的人更幸福 Those undo you are happier
更神圣 更自由和更自主 holier, free more autonomous
我在学校工作了很长时间 But I just have been in the schools
和学生老师共事了很长时间 as much as I am and with my student teachers
我认为在很多情况下 他们的感觉都是准确的 They feel, and I think accurately so in many situations
他们都感觉自己处于一种被动的状态 that teachers are sort of under siege
需要他们完成的工作实在太多 There is just so much to do now
他们觉得环境对他们是不利的 and they feel like it's kind of hostile environment in places
工作量太大 他们的工作没有得到认同 The workload is high; they are underappreciated
他们一直在努力提供服务 trying to provide services
现在所有课堂都是区分化的课堂 Now every classroom now is differentiated
不像这样 像修女过去教我们的那样 There's none of this, like the nuns did with us
一堂讲座 一堂考试 There's one lecture; there's one test
对每个人而言 都是一样的 For everybody, it's all the same
所以这种需求限制了孩子 So the demands kind of square child some of this
限制了孩子之间产生良好联系 what I think would be a wonderful connection
我认为人们感觉自己被隔离开了 and I think people do feel sort of isolated
是的 很多学校工作的人 I think yes, many people do in many situations in schools
包括你们都感到害怕 与人隔绝 and those of you sort of feel fearful, divided and fearful
精神不振 not as spirited
我认为我们没有选择 I don't think we have an option
只能解决这个问题 but to try to work out what it is that we do think
我不喜欢"幻想"一词 I don't actually like the word "vision"
因为我觉得这个词听起来太过疏远 because I think "vision" sounds too...
就像是我有幻想 你来参加 I have a vision, and you sign up to it
这个词本身听起来就比较疏远 It sounds too separated itself
但我喜欢和人们共同研究这些问题 But I like the idea of working with people to develop these things
作为专业人员 作为人类 我们别无选择 We don't have an option as professionals, as human beings
如果教师因为畏惧而不去思考 We don't have option what to think
那么我们就失去了思考的选择权 if fear is preventing teachers from doing it
我们如何克服畏惧呢? How can we overcome the fear?
如果孩子或教职工中间有人恃强凌弱 If bully is amongst children, or amongst staff
那么人们就无法成为朋友 is something that stops people being able to be friends
特别是成为成年人那样的朋友 as adults specifically
那么我们应该如何克服呢? and how can we overcome that
所以这不是一个独立的幻想式的宣言 So it's not a vision like a separate statement
不是乌托邦式的宣言 the Utopian statement at all
在我看来 这是真实的情况 In my view, it's the reality of the situation
这是我们所追求的目标 and this is what we are going for
所有的选择 和友谊相对的选择 and all the alternatives, the alternative to friendliness, or fearful
和创造力相对的就是每天按部就班的工作 the alternative to be creative is doing routine one day things
和学习相对应的就是找一本答案书 The alternative to learning is to have an answer book
然后浏览所有的答案 and so you going through the answers
这不是学习 可能是培训 但不是学习 That's not learning, may be training, but it's not learning
如果这就是全部 那么这里面还有些好的方面 If that's all of this, some good things in that
我想以这个作为例子 so I would want this to be a worked example
这就是我今天要讲的内容 but that's all that I want to work on today
我想问的问题是 有些事物在我看来并不存在 I want to ask you somebody that things to me like maybe it's not there
你解释了 if you can explain out
和有形现实相遇的情况 the idea of encounter with the reality that's capturable
我认为这种现实是可能和人们发生联系的 which is not...I mean there's potential for that relation with people
但我是从科学家的角度来思考这个问题的 but as a scientist I think about that
我不相信科学现实主义 you know, I don't believe in scientific realism
一点也不相信 I don't believe that
自然世界的现实是可以用科学理论来解释的 the reality of the natural world is captured by scientific theories
我在科学课堂上教授精神性问题时 So one way I think I'm teaching spirituality in the science classes
我们无法 the reality of whatever
描述或研究那些并不存在的事物 it is isn't fully described and explored that we can tell
不知道是不是美好的事物... I wonder if maybe beautiful things...
你明白我的意思吗? You got that?
神秘性很重要 The mystery is important
这就是为什么我说这是想象力的活动 That's why I think it's imaginative activity
教学和学习都是想象力的活动 teaching and learning. It's imaginative
成为人类也是充满想象力的活动 Being human is an imaginative activity
是一种飞跃 不是预先确定的活动 It is a leap, which is not predetermined and predetermined noble
神学家约翰 黑库写道 The theologian John Hiku who writes
我们的生活是一件未完成的事业 we live amidst unfinished business
我们必须不断的探索 that we must trust that through the search
通过不断的对话才能找到真谛 that in dialogue that we may come to all the truth
但学校 But the sense of school in places
却不是一个未完成的事业 不是答案 is not an unfinished business, not answers
学校的未完成事业使我们变得更加真实 but unfinished business in places where we can become more real
但我们无法通过学校找到真谛 But we are not gonna get all the way there in the school
所以我认为你讲的有一定的道理 It is part of what I think you sayings are true
但不是一系列的科学答案 But it is not a set of scientific answers
我们知道事物的运作原理 We know how this works
我们应该告诉学生事物是如何运转的 Let's tell our children how it works
这样他们也就知道了 and then they know how it works too
我们了解我们的讲授内容 We know some things that we're gonna talk about
我们是专家 我们受过良好的教育 We are all experts; we are all well educated
我们掌握了大量信息 在很多方面都很智慧 we are informative; we are wise in different ways
我们希望孩子们能够脱胎换骨 And we are hoping that children will grow new children
最终取代我们 who frankly will replace us
我们对一些7岁的孩子做了研究 We're gonna...did some work with 7-year-old children
告诉他们植物的生命周期 you tell them the lifecycle of plants
这是种子 这是其他什么 This is what, seed and so on
他们也这样做 They did this as well
在宗教教育中 这就是人的生命周期 In religious education, that's in the lifecycle of people
孩子的意义是什么? What's the point of children?
成年人的意义是什么? What's the point of grown-ups?
老年人的意义是什么? What's the point of old people?
让我惊奇的是 One of the shocks to me was that
我们把孩子们分成小组 most of the children we did in small groups
这些孩子说成年人的意义不是照顾孩子 said the point of grow-ups wasn't looking after children
成年人的意义是挣钱 the point of grown-ups is earning money
7岁的孩子有这种想法是可悲的 That was sad for 7-year-olds
老年人的意义才是照顾孩子 The point of old people was looking after children
她太好了 Oh, she's nice
我已经做好的照顾孩子的准备 I'm available for babysitting
一个孩子指出 Also as one child delicately put it
如果不这样做 那么满世界都是人了 because otherwise the world would just fill up
所以老年人的意义就是变老 然后死掉 That's the point of old people is so old and dying off
这是一个非常精妙的回答 Which is a very delicate saying
听不清 Inaudible
所以就是新旧更替的问题 So, yes, that sense of replacing
我们也在更替 更替的不是我们的克隆体 We are replacing...not with clone of ourselves
而是那些在这条道路上继续走下去的人 but replacing with people who would be further along the path
这是第一张幻灯片 That's the first slide
谢谢大家的不同意见和建议 Thank you for disagreeing, commenting on that
上次我谈到了四个关键的研究工具 How do we know...last time I talked about four of the key research tools
也是对话的基础 which also frankly potentially...basis of conversation
对教师 辅导员 教育工作者和管理者都适用 as teachers and counselors and educators and supervisors as well
我的著作就基于这个问题的研究 This is the basis of the book
我在书中写了四个具体的问题 I wrote of these four particular questions or sets of questions
学校有三种方式可以让你产生良好的自我感觉 Three ways in which schools make you feel good about yourself
试着去描述一下这些方法 Try to describe that
现在就思考 想想你自己 Think about that not now, but think about that for yourself
大学如何使你产生了良好的自我感觉 The university, how that makes you feel good about yourself
还有你的上学经历 and your own schooling
我很惊奇 这是一个内涵既丰富 I was shocked it's a rich question or rather
又不丰富的问题 not a very rich question
答案是丰富多彩的 The answers are tremendously rich
人们的回答总是让我惊喜和震惊 I've never yet failed to be surprised, shocked
令人愉快的惊喜 pleasantly surprised by what people say
人们的回答丰富得令人吃惊 It's astonishingly rich in the way that people...
那些在学术上非常成功的人 people are very successful academically almost
几乎从不提到他们在学术上的成就 never say anything about their academic achievements
而在学术上不那么成功的人 People who are not very successful academically
从不说他们觉得自己的学术研究不成功 never say they feel about their academic achievements side
你认为学术目标支配着你 In the context way, you think you are dominated by academic targets
你似乎并没有走近看清楚 This doesn't seem to loom large at all
传统意义上的创造性活动 Creative in the traditional sense
戏剧 音乐表演 艺术 体育 subjects, plays, musical performances, art, all of those things, sports
都是我们谈话的主要内容 are very dominant over the conversations
我们的谈话内容充满了人的因素 and the conversations are dominated by the personal
有人对我说 干得好 Someone said to me, well done
就三个字 干得好 Just those two words, "well done"
我给大家举个例子 一个40多岁的教师 I'll give you an example later of something an adult teacher in her 40s
告诉我 她还是学生的时候 I think said about when she was in school
有人对她说 干得好 this happened to her
班主任对她说 干得好 So the head teacher said "well done" to her
她说 她当时还小 听到这句话时哭了 She was in tears describing it when she was small
你们可能会想 "干得好" You think, "well done"
这三个字有什么特别之处吗? what's so special about that?
这不是不期而遇 But it wasn't encounter
而是有实质意义的对话 因此打动了她 It was a real dialogue in the real sense that struck her
感动了她 that touched her
学校有三种方法可以帮助你产生良好的自我感觉 So three points in school make you feel good about yourself
下面三个 The next three
西蒙线 Simon line
课堂上 休息时 游戏时人们常常会说什么 What is typically said in the classroom or recess or playtime
重要的周期 And circles of importance
我会给大家看一些图画 I'll show you pictures
这就是西蒙线 That's the salmon line
他在两头都放了些东西 and he put everything on either end
这是个人建构心理学家飞利浦的理论基础 It's the basis from personal constructive psychology Philip design
他说人们以不同的方式来建构自己 who said that people make themselves in different ways
你在线上做一个记号 You put a mark on the line
在两端记下说话的内容 whatever was said on either end
然后在线上标上你现在所在的位置 you put a mark on the line for where you think you are now
然后再标上 put a mark on the line for why you think
你认为你几年或几周之后所在的位置 you like to be in the years' time or weeks' time
非常简单 不需要测量或标出刻度 That's easy, it's not measured, it's not scaled
但有趣之处在于 But the interesting thing is you discuss
你可以看出你如何从这里过渡到了那里 how we're gonna get from here to there
所以我在一项研究中对此进行了调查 So I did it with school is a community
调查的名字叫做"学校是不是社群" school is not a community
每个人都做了回答 Everyone who responded it, responded it
每个人都承认学校还有改进的空间 everyone said there was room for improvement
从最成功的学校 From the most successful vibrant schools
到最封闭 最不成功的学校 to the least most divided and unsuccessful schools
研究显示每个人之间都有鸿沟 and research, there's always a gap, with absolutely every single person
从7岁的学生 and every single person from the age of 7
到校长 到班主任 to the principal and head teachers
都可以说出学校如何从这里过渡到那里 could all talk about how the school could get from here to there
我从中看到了希望 That was very hopeful for me with schools having within them the idea
因为这些学校都知道如何改变 of how they get from here to there
我最喜欢的回答是 My favorite response to that
我认为这也是最棒的回答 I think it was the best response
人们说 我们应该放弃茶壶 It was to get rid of kettles
这个学校的教师面临各种各样的挑战 A teacher in school had all sorts of challenges in it said
但他们说 我要做的第一件事是不再用茶壶 "the first thing I'll do is get rid of kettles."
你们可能觉得有些奇怪 That might seem strange to you
但这个学校的所有老师都有自己的茶壶 but all the teachers in this school have their own kettles
他们不在午餐或课间的时候泡饮料 They don't make drinks at lunch time or recess
他们不在学校泡饮料 They don't make drinks along the area
他们不相互交谈 They never talk to each other
他们害怕相互谈话 They scared of talking to each other
他们害怕陷进去 They scared of what happened and what would caught on
所以他们都在自己的房间里准备了一个茶壶 So they all have kettles in their own rooms
我禁止他们再使用茶壶 I just ban all the kettles
让学校成为了一个社群 and make the school more a community
这样做是有意义的 That should make some sense
这是一种方法 禁止使用茶壶 That's one way to do it, to ban the kettles
第二 制作对话框 Second one, doing dialogue boxes
不同课堂的典型话题是什么? What's typically said in different lessons?
我对答案感到既震惊又有兴趣 I was shocked by some of these and interested in all of these
教师和学生认为 What people think teachers and students think
课堂上的典型对话内容是什么? is a typical dialogue in lessons
这样我就可以更好的了解这些课堂 It tells you what I think about a lesson
比问以下问题要好得多 a situation better than ask them
例如 你觉得科学课程怎么样? "what do you think about science lesson?"
觉得数学课怎么样? what do you think about math lessons?
觉得课间休息怎么样? What do you think about recess?
觉得午餐时间怎么样? What do you think about lunch time?
如果你真的让人们去描述典型的对话内容 If you actually get people to describe what is typically said
用社会学家凯伦丹尼尔的话来说 it comes from the Karen Daniel, sociologist said
就是找到了一种方法 this is a way of understanding what children and adults mean
理解孩子和成年人在课堂上想表达的意义 when they are in those lessons
他们如何理解课堂活动的 What they understand what is happening there
能够发现哪些可能成为他们的谈话内容 and the way of working out what could be said
你可以将这种方法用在生活上 So doing it about life
用在成年人和儿童身上 and do it with adults and do it with children
第三 将"我"放在中间 The third one, me in the middle
这里提出了几个问题 It has several questions
答案最为丰富的问题是 the question that generates richest responses was the one
你在上学时 that said when you are in school
谁和你走得最近? who is closest to you?
在学校 谁是和你最亲近的人? Who is closest to you in school?
不要选你的朋友 Not choose your friend
谁和你走得最近? Who is closest to you?
我没有检验朋友 I didn't test about friends
因为我有其他有关友谊的研究 because I want to find out that friendship
我给大家看一些例子证明我的观点 I'll give you some examples that will explain why I thought about that
这是最后一步了 but that was the last of those
我能不能给大家展示一些我的研究论据? Can I go through some of my bits of evidence?
如果你们说不 那我该怎么办? If you said no, what would I do?
亲爱的茉莉 她的真名不是茉莉 Dear Molly, it is not really called Molly
但她参加过我的几个研究 who comes up a couple of times
她长大后 When she was growing up
发现她的名字在我书中出现的频率最高 she would be very embarrassed to discover
她可能会感到有些尴尬 that she was the one most quoted in my book
沉默的价值被反复提及 The value of silence is actually repeatedly said
包括60岁以上的人 including by our 60-year-olds upwards
学校中沉默的价值 The value of silence in schools
当账单送达你的家门口时 When a bill you got on the door
你有权保持沉默 但你是否有能力呢? we have rights to remain silent, but do we have the ability?
查尔斯 我喜欢这个 Charles, I love that
我会记住的 I'm gonna try to remember that
教师最应该学习的就是如何闭嘴 The best thing for teachers to learn how to do is how to shut up
我不是说我自己 但有人很难做到这点 I say not myself was someone who has a difficulty
不要笑 有人真的很难闭嘴 Some of you don't laugh at me, the difficulty of shutting up myself
我们应该学习沉默的价值 It's important that we learn the value of silence
孩子们推崇沉默的价值 The children appreciate the value of silence
赞成老师站在那儿 什么也不说 of teachers just being there and not saying anything
由学生来说 with all the children doing that
我说了 这来源于60岁以上的人士 As I said, it comes from the 60-year-olds
这些对话框里都是真实的对话内容 One of these boxes was filled in by someone affect dialogue
就是这门课程中的典型对话内容 That's typically said in the lesson
大家猜猜这是什么课程? Anyone wants to guess what the lesson it was or the subject that was?
据说是一门在英国有代表性的课程 They said it was typical of that subject to the U.K.
我在中国香港和英国都做了研究 I did the research in Hong Kong in China and in the U.K.
研究那里的小学和中学 in primary schools and secondary schools all age groups
你们猜是什么课程? Any subject you think?
你们认为什么课程 Any subject you might write that down of
才会出现这样的典型对话? what's typically said in a particular subject?
阅读?阅读? Reading? Oh, reading?
不 是教育方面的 我认为具有特别性 No. It actually be in education, which I think always peculiar
我是这样认为的 That's what I think
我是这样认为学校教育的 actually from what I know it with education in the school
我认为这些都是这门课程中出现的典型对话 I think that probably is what is said typically in those classes
在这个单元中感受不到学科的特性 There's no sense of subject in that unit
用伯恩斯坦的话说 就是分类性不强 It's very weakly classified in Bernstein's terms
感觉不出学科的区别 There's no sense that it's one subject or another
但伯恩斯坦说 But it's very strongly framed as Bernstein would also say
这门课程的框架性较强 in the sense that
因为教师是中心 由他来向学生传播信息 the teacher telling the child something, orbit
框架性很强 但执行力却很弱 It's strongly framed, but as it was weakly implemented, specifically
学生都反对 the child was just objected to that
我认为 I don't think
这不是这门学科的正常特征 that was as you see a healthy sign for that subject, would you?
好 我只是好奇 Good, I'm just wondering
我认为这是卡尔马克思的观点 I think it's Karl Marx
学校和学校生活中的个人主义具有破坏性 Individualism in school and school life is...it could be totally damaging
我赞同这种看法 I like this description
描述的非常的确切 It's such a peculiar description
如果你真的是一个个人主义者 Individualism is such that if you really are individualist
卡尔马克思对谢尔曼等人进行了抨击 this Karl Marx's attack on people like Sherman
谢尔曼是无政府主义者 极端的个人主义者 the anarchist, radical individualist
如果你真的是一名个人主义者 If you are really an individualist
那么你就应该把自己燃烧成原子大小 the best you can do is inflame yourself to the size of atom
很有诗意 It's a lovely poetic
你应该把自己燃烧成原子大小 You manage to inflame yourself to the size of atom
很有诗意 但却不是诗 It's a bit poetry, not the most poetic writing
这是其中一个关系圈 That's one of the circles
是一个典型的"谁和我走得最近"的关系圈 This is a fairly typical circle of "who is closest to me"
你们看到"我"在圆心 You see ME in the center
然后是肖恩托尔和贝弗里 you see Shurn Taul and Beverly
老师也在圈内 And teacher struggling within the circle
然后是鲁思 丽莎 汉娜和蒂娜女士 The next one, Ruth, Lisa, Hannah, Dina ladies
迪丽维亚也在那里 And Delivian just gets in there
听不清 Inaudible
他们可能对这个问题还有争论 Maybe they had a little argument with that
有趣的是 One of the interesting things
对教师 成年人 校长 孩子而言 this is true
都是如此 of the teachers, of the adults, of the principals, of the children
"我"完全没有在这里 and completely unexpected for me
我绝对没有出现在这个场景中 I was absolutely everybody except in the scene in the next show
所有人是指每个人 各代人都有 All was absolutely everybody, mixed up generations
交友方面 孩子和孩子交朋友 your friends, the children for children
成年人和成年人交朋友 就像她一样 adults for adults, they mix up, as she does
所以蒂娜老师和其他孩子混在一起 So teachers Dina ladies, mixing with other children
显示出同代关系和跨代际关系非常的强大 It suggests that relationships between and across the generations
这不同于很多有关友谊的研究结论 are more powerful than most studies of friendship indicate
一说到"朋友" 每个人都很害怕 If you use the word "friend", everyone scared
如果你是成年人 你就不可能和孩子做朋友 You are not supposed to be a friend of a child if you are an adult
如果你是孩子 就不可能和成年人做朋友 You are not supposed to be a friend of an adult if you are a child
但这些人的关系确实很紧密 But these people are close
有关亲密性 我这里有个例外的情况 One of the exception though, about the closest, I got an exception
翻阅有关这个孩子的资料 This child, flicking through
我没有对相关孩子和教师进行研究 I didn't do this work with children and teacher
另一个研究小组完成的这项研究 there was another research team did it
他们给我看了一大堆资料 They showed it to me, gave me a big pile of that
我从中抽出了这份 I flicked through the pile and pulled this out and said...
你们觉得我会说什么? what do you think I said?
你们可以看到 I think you can see that
"我"在圆心 然后是钱伯斯太太 you can see ME in the middle, then you get Mrs. Chambers
乔在这里 普雷斯太太 赫姆斯太太 you got Jone there, Mrs. Pressed, Mrs. Holmes
斯密西太太 南希太太 Mrs. ...Mrs. Smissy, Mrs. Nancy
然后是杰斯 西蒙 史蒂夫 Then you've got the people Jass, Simon, Steven
泰德和学校的其他人 Ted and the rest of the school
我不知道这个"烟灰"是什么 Ash, I don't know what that "Ash" is
他被排斥在圆圈之外 a person who is rejected from the circle
有两个孩子这样做 when the two children did that
他们把他们的敌人放在圈外 they put their enemies outside the circle
听不清 Inaudible
我不知道这个"烟灰"是敌人呢 So I don't know if "Ash" is an enemy
还是让他们感觉内疚的人 or "Ash" is the name of a person in which case an apology to Ash
我注意到这个 是怎么回事? What I notice about that, how that works?
这个孩子是怎么把这个人放在圈外的? How that child, would you pull that out?
你们如何解释这种现象? How would you explain that?
你们如何解释? what would you say might explain that?
听不清 Inaudible
除非他们有很多的同伴 Except they have got quite a lot of peers
其他孩子都没有列出这个最后的项目 none of them in the last one
这里有很多有名字的孩子 So they've got quite a lot of named children
我想可能是真实的 I think that's probably true
他有几岁? How old?
几岁? How old?
我不太确定 I'm not sure
论文中有 所以我最好不要去猜测 It has it in the papers, and I'd better not guess
小学生 所以我猜可能是9岁 It's primary, so I think probably at 9
有没有这种可能 Could possibly be a the only child
这个孩子只能和成年人沟通? who just could communicate with adults?
你的看法很有意思 Interesting, that's interesting
我不知道是不是这样 I don't know whether that's true
我问老师 老师说确实如此 What I suggested to the teacher, the teacher said it was right
这个孩子正在接受特殊教育 This is a child with special education on needs
这个孩子得到了很多单独的帮助 who have a lot of individual support in order to help him
希望他能够融入主流学校 when it was him be integrated into the mainstream school
他身边的人就像一群保镖一样 He, as it were, has a set of bodyguards around him
这是一群帮助他的人 a set of helpers who actually do isolate him
但他们把他和其他孩子分隔开来 from other children or other...often from other children
他们非常希望这个孩子能融入学校 Very active to try to integrate this child into the school
融入同龄人 was cutting him off from these peers
我在上一所学校也看到了这种情况 I was seeing it in the last school
几乎所有人都回答 nearly all the other responses
孩子不光只需要孩子 is not the children only need other children
各种人混在一起 走得近的有孩子和成年人 They mix and close to children and adults
但实际情况是他处于被保护的状态 But what seems to be happening here is he's being protected
就像总统身边围了一群顾问和保镖一样 It's a bit like the president with a set of reminders and bodyguards
他无法和其他孩子发生联系 being protected from other children
尽管这些人的目的是帮助他融入群体 despite the fact that that's there in order to help him get close
他确实也表达了他的需求 And he's really showing his needs too
因为他和学校里的其他同学在一起 by the fact that he is right out there with the rest of the school
在我看来 I mean he is really, to me, staying
他确实表达了对同伴的需求 you know, I want peers
这很有趣 That's interesting
听不清 Inaudible
学校的其他人打算让我出去 The whole rest of the school like to let me out
现在你们已经知道了 now that you know that
我想融入这个环境 it's like I want to be part of this environment
但这很有趣 But it's interesting
这是一个简单的练习 It's a simple exercise
我讲这个案例就花了几个小时的时间 I've talked to for few hours just on this one example
除了"烟灰" Except "Ash"
听不清 Inaudible
我们最后要求他把这个孩子的名字写上去 We invited them to put his name on the paper of the children in the end
但我还是不知道"烟灰"是谁 but I don't know who "Ash" is
当然 圆心处是"我" Of course, it's ME in the middle
44名研究对象中有一个人 One person, one head teacher
也是一个班主任老师说 one person in the whole research out of the 44 people said
我愿意参加研究 但不要把"我"放在中心 "I'll do this, but I don't want ME to be in the middle."
这是这所学校的原则 That was the principle of the school
教会学校也是如此 the church foundation school as well
很有意思 It's interesting
不要把"我"放在圆心 I don't want ME to be in the middle
希望我没有那种佛教的精神境界 Wish I don't some sort of, almost Buddhist sort of self nomics anima
我给大家看另一张我很喜欢的图 I'll show you another one, just so I like it
这张图不是我的研究 This is not from my research
来自兰德有关孩子的信仰和归属感的研究 but from Grad Mister research on children's believing and belonging
他的方法稍有不同 圆圈不太一样 He did it slightly different, in different circles
我喜欢里面的廉价把戏 What I like about this is cheap trick
斯科特和妈妈在最靠近圆心的位置 Scot and mum are in the closest circle
爸爸在外围 被叉掉了 Dad swings away of that, but that has been crossed out
他把爸爸放在了自由时间内 He's got dad in my free time
你们注意到爸爸在这里 You notice dad is there
爸爸排名第三 位居小狗之后 You notice dad comes third behind dog
我说过 我不介意排在小狗之后 I said this before I wouldn't mind being behind the dog
但如果是排在仓鼠之后呢 but being behind the hamster...
如果我是那个父亲 我会提出抗议 I would protest if I were that dad
可能他会发现... Probably what he could find out...
我希望用这种方法做一个定量研究 I try to do quantitative research in such a way
也就是说人们有很多机会 That is to say there's a chance for people
可以回答问卷 to get back to the question as it were
香港的一名孩子被问到人际关系的问题 One child in Hong Kong was asked about his connections
他是否和别人做朋友 一起玩 are you still friendly with and played with...
他看到班里来了很多同学 saw a lot of people who went into this class
都是上一年没有见过的 but new from previous years
研究人员问他 The research there said to him something like
你有很多快乐的时光 "so you had a lot of happy times
所以你就把他们忘了 that's why you still forget them."
这个15岁的孩子说 The young student, 15-year-old said
快乐的时光都留在我们的记忆里 "Happy hours and happy moments, it's all in our memories."
不幸和幸福都能够使人们团结成一个社群 Unhappiness combine people together in community as well as happiness
不光只有幸福和积极的事物才有这样的作用 not just happiness and positive things
负面事物也有这样的作用 It's negative things that combine people together
甚至对这些人自身而言 even in themselves
不幸经历也使他们团结起来 the unhappy things they being together through
这是一种很好的研究方式 So get a nice way in which the research...
对研究活动产生了影响的方式 how to affect the research
这是马丁布伯的论述 也是我研究的基础 This is Martin Buber on what I do
这是一个新生儿 This is a new born child
对世界的本能 一种和他人同在的冲动 An instinct to the world, impulse to be present with others
美妙的描述了新生儿的情况 A lovely description of how babies are
他写这段话的时期 And in the time he wrote
这一观点还没有得到人们的认同 it wasn't commonly thought they were
柯林特拉贝斯和其他儿科医生近年来的研究表明 The recent work by Collin Trabath and other pediatric workers say
婴儿在刚出生的几分钟内 that the new born children in the first few minutes
参与了真实的交流活动 are genuinely communicating
不是毫无章法的模仿 not just randomly imitating
而是确确实实的在 but genuinely communicating with,
与他们的母亲交流 typically with their mothers at that time
这种感觉 这种展示在世界面前的冲动 And this sense, this urge to be present to the world
在科学发展到一定程度之前 as it were captured poetically
就已经在诗歌中得到了赞美 in advance of the science coming along
我在西雅图的书店里看到 Then a bit of...I saw in a bookshop in Seattle
鲁米也是英国的一名伟大诗人 Rumi is a big poet here as well as in U.K.
中世纪的神秘主义诗人 mystic medieval poet
有时候我会思考理性 I sometimes play with the idea of reason
这是我的定义 This is my definition rather than anything else
丹尼尔想知道这是什么 Daniel wants to know what's this
想知道什么是精神 Daniel wants to know what spirit is
埋头靠近他/她 Lean your head towards him or her
近距离的面对面 就像这样 keep your face there close, like this
如果你这样做了 如果闻到对方的味道 That if you try it, if you try the fragrance
甚至对敌人这样做 or even at still with an enemy, try to do that
那么你肯定会感受到你们之间存在联系 and see what it...you certainly get that sense of connection
或感到尴尬 or embarrassment or whatever it is
当你在没有对话时感受到了交谈 When you get a sense of dialogue without much dialogue
你可以保持沉默 You can be silent
我认为这很有效 I think it is rather effective
我说科尔曼巴克斯制作了一部电影 I say it's by movies by Coleman Barks
后来通过我进行了翻译 to translate through me to reach his life I think
所以科尔曼巴克斯比鲁米更有影响 So maybe it's much Coleman Barks than it is Rumi
但这是好事 But it is a good...
听不清 Inaudible
强调和精神上的神 自然和人之间的关系 It's emphasis on relating to the spiritual god, nature and man
在你看来 据你理解 one that in your thought, for your consideration, what are...
我认为我们确实是由我们的活动决定的 I think it's right that we are what we are doing
听不清 Inaudible
我正在写一篇有关训狗的文章 I've been working on an article on dog training
确实存在允许学校出现狗的例外情况 There are exceptions that you let certain dogs in the school
但这是例外情况 but it's an exception
你是否知道学校有哪些不同的地方和特点 I wonder if you have all kinds of different realms in the school
能够对交流或对话活动进行设定 and feature modeling communication or dialogue
听不清 Inaudible
狗的一个作用是 One of the things that dog says
很多孩子深受困扰 生病 and a lot of children who are troubled, who are ill
面临 who are in various ways
与其他同伴隔绝的危险 in danger of being alienated from the rest of the their own life
或与他们的猫猫狗狗隔绝 or the rest of our fine dogs and cats and animals
他们有必要和人类进行交流 better to communicate with the human beings
它们不会像其他人那样对他们轻易做判断 There are less judgmental than all there in the present
它们是不稳定的 They are volatile
无论它们的情绪好不好 whether they are in the bad mood or good or whatever
它们给人的感觉是 They raise the sense I think the modeling done
这些非人类的动物对人类是否有帮助 by these non-human animals is helpful for human beings
取决于人类如何对待它们 in how they in turn
它们也会将头对着你 对吗 They, as it were, put that head close to you like this, don't they?
驯化了的动物也这样做 Domesticated animals do that
它们会靠近你 They come up to you
它们出现在你面前 They are present
不需要说什么就证明了自己的存在性 and they ascertain their presence not by saying something
我知道鹦鹉会说话 The old parrot I understand might say something
但马丁布伯对训练鹦鹉也有见解 but to train your parrot just be quotation from Martin Buber
就是一种存在性 You know, that presence
所以我认为这个模式是有问题的 So I think that modeling isn't a problem
曾经在英国 It used to be in England
这个问题在宗教教育中是不明确的 what go implicit religious education
也就是说很多教师并不真的教授宗教 which meant a lot of teachers didn't really teach that religion
我的一个朋友兼同事约翰罗根 They just typically, a friend of mine and the colleague, John Rogen
在视频节目中说 is on video and say
老师把一个装有仓鼠的笼子放在教室的角落里 they would have a hamster in the cage in the corner of the room
如果问到宗教教育 那么这位老师会说 The teacher when asked about religious education would say
孩子们在照看仓鼠 "Well, the children look after the hamster."
他们可以用这种方法学会关怀 That's the learning about caring and so on
他在视频上还说 He is also the video
他非常怀疑这种做法的效果 and so he is very skeptical of if this is good effective term
他们说 如果仓鼠死掉了 They said, "Well, at least if the hamster died
那么你可以从中受到宗教教育 you get some religious education out of it."
老师让仓鼠来完成他们的工作 They are asking the hamster to do the job
实际非常有效 And that is actually effective
从教育的角度来看 The death of hamster probably is a better opportunity
仓鼠死掉要比喂养仓鼠更具教育意义 for education than just feeding it
但我认为他们是在破坏这一观点 But I think that is rather spoiled by the sense
因为老师没有做任何与宗教相关的工作 that you don't do anything about the religion
只是在照看仓鼠 but looking after the hamster
无论如何 这也确实带来了一些机会 Nevertheless, here is a real opportunity for that
惊喜 A surprise
马丁布伯说 通过审视我们的各种能力 Martin Buber says, by viewing your various capacities
英国的大学必须确定 we in the U.K., the universities have to determine
我们的工作可能产生哪些既定的后果 the intended learning outcomes for what we do
我们必须预先确定一堂课的既定结果 We have to predetermine, intended outcomes for each class or whatever
我觉得适当这么做是可以的 I like that, some very regular ideas of doing that
但如果你对大学或学校中的一堂课 But if you predetermine all the learning outcomes that shall occur
或一门课程的学习成果进行预先设定 in the sessions, the classes in the school of the university
那么我认为这就不是教育了 then it's not, I don't think it's education
是的 你应该对你要做的事情进行预先说明 I think that's threshold and that is...
我认为这只是个开始 yes, actually you should be saying some of the things you will be doing
告诉人们你打算做什么 It's perfectly reasonable to tell people the sort of things
这是完全合理的 you are going to be doing
但这会限制住你 That limits you
正如马丁布伯所说的 as Martin Buber says
真正的课堂 it's the only real lesson is the one
可以给教学双方带来惊喜 that develops the series of mutual surprises
但这不是说不需要对课堂进行计划 It doesn't mean...it's unplanned
不是说整个课程处于无计划的状态 The whole lesson is unplanned
我们先对课程进行计划 该做这个 做那个 But the lesson is planned, we're doing this this and this
但也应该有惊喜 But there should be some surprises there as well
正如你们知道的 如果没有惊喜 If there is no surprise, as you find out
如果你批改作业时没有惊喜 if you are grading papers and there is no surprises
那么可能你给学生布置的功课并不正确 you probably didn't set the right tasks
听不清 Inaudible
寻找更多的机会 Advancing the opportunity
寻找更多独处的机会 increasing the opportunity to be lonely
我认为这个问题很重要 One of these I think is important
这和在学校里独自一人不同 It's different from being alone in schools
我做了一些建筑学的研究 I did a few things on architecture
我认为这为我们的研究提供了一个很好的模式 I think it's a good model for research for what we do
试着回答一些简单的事实性问题 Try to answer the questions that emerge from the simple facts
换句话说 我们应该回答这样一些问题 In other words, we should try to answer questions that emerge from
即 我们在哪里 我们在做什么 where we are and what we are doing
而不应该简单的采用一些外来的模式 not simply impose some models from outside
如果你们想看彼得的建筑 If you want to see a building by Peter
如果你们认为它告诉了你们应该做什么 if you think it does what that says you should do
这是一个瑞士的教堂建筑 There's a building of chapel. It's in Switzerland
光线不是特别的好 The light is not so good on it
有回音 Echo some sort of situation
听不清 Inaudible
是的 这是为适应环境而设计的建筑 Right, it's trying to make the building suit the environment
是一个很好的研究对象 It's good for research
是一名很有趣的作家 A lovely writer
我想你们在西雅图太平洋大学不这么做 I'm sure you don't do in SPU
但我们在圣约翰大学这么做 but we do it in York St. John
听不清 Inaudible
所以如果你们想明白了就告诉我 So feel free if you figure that or not
关键是这个建筑不仅要与众不同 The idea is that the tower don't call contrarious
还要有突破性的创意 and with breakthrough
这些都是真实的 不是幻想 不是乌托邦 It's all set, it's not a vision, it's not Utopian
体现了现实的日常特性 It's with the reality of the everydayness
世俗的精神性 A mundane spirituality
香港的一位研究者写了有关世俗的精神性的文章 A researcher in Hong Kong called Wang write about mundane spirituality
不是启蒙时刻的那种精神性 not the spirituality of great moments of enlightenment
而是日常生活中的精神性 but the spirituality of everyday things
马丁布伯也做这样的研究 And Martin Buber is doing the same
我也要做 I want to do that
这是那篇论文 你们也可以做 This is a paper. You can do that
这里有一些有争议的案例 that will be controversy about example of
有关一名教师如何进行自我描述的案例 a teacher and how they describe themselves
英国教会学校的学生 The child in the church school in the U.K.
英国有公立学校和教会学校 there're public schools and church schools in the U.K.
我讲耶稣和上帝 以及他们做了什么 I was talking about Jesus and God and what they are doing
我就这些问题写了一些论文 I will write a paper or something like that
研究人员问研究对象 你们相信上帝吗 The researcher said do you believe
8岁的被调查者的态度非常的积极 and he said to his quite age 8, it's a nice assertive attitude
他说 我不是基督教徒 但我还是相信 "I'm not a Christian, but I still believe."
这是在基督教会学校 In a Christian church school
我认为这是一种健康的态度 I thought that was a healthy...
对他和学校而言都很健康 it's healthy both for him and for the school
因为他们能够自信的谈论起这些话题 to be confident enough to talk about these things
研究选择了足够多的学校做样本 It's suggested it was inclusive of enough schools
学生说自己不是基督教徒 but it could describe itself as not a Christian
但仍然相信万能力量的存在 but "I still believe in the powerful
他在后面加了个表转折的"但是" but." In other words, That's ok. I'm ok
英国另一个研究中的孩子说 There's another child in someone else's research in the U.K.
我没有宗教信仰 which says, "I'm not religious..."
对不起 我什么都不信 sorry, I'm nothing
这有关系吗? does it matter?
学生被要求填一份 because they are asked to fill in the questionnaire
有关其宗教信仰背景的问卷 about that religious background
基督教 犹太教等等 Christianity, Judaism and whichever
一些学生在最下面什么都没填 Then nothing at the bottom and they said
他们说 我什么都不信 这有关系吗? "I'm nothing. Does it matter?"
确实很遗憾 it was totally sad
但却很肯定和很强大 This is much more assertive and powerful
你被孤立了 You are alienated
无论你多么成功 However successful you are
你都可能被孤立 you can be a consensus of alienation
这是约翰梅杰说的 John Major said that
他是英国保守党的首相 U.K.'s Prime Minister, conservative Prime Minister
不是特别伟大的人 so not very great, not great
对大小主教都抱着保守的态度 is conservative with small see as well as large see
他很成功 但却被完全孤立了 was successful in life, but was completely alienated
多得令人吃惊的人在学校被孤立 It's surprising how many people can feel alienated in school
而很多人根本没有注意到他们 without people noticing
你知道这个孩子是否淘气 You can tell that the children is naughty
但你无法知道他们是否被孤立和疏远 but you can't always tell if they are alienated and cut off
这里有一个例子 This is an example
班主任老师把书放在我手中 A teacher, head teacher put a book into hand
看着我说"干得好" The teacher looked at me and he just said "well done"
你们都知道这三个字意味着什么 You do know what "well done" means
我现在还保留这这本书 I still got a book
现在看到它 我仍然感触良多 I still feel a lot when I look at it now
就是因为"干得好"三个字的影响 It's just "well done" that worked
谈到对话 When you are talking about dialogue
你指的并不一定是长时间的交谈 you are not talking about a long conversation necessarily
你可以只说两三个字 You can talk about two words, three words
由班主任和校长在适当的场合真诚的说出来 in the right situation sincerely made by head teachers, principal
他们大概每年要向几百个学生讲这些话 who presumably was doing that for hundreds of kids every year
所以对他们而言是例行公事 So it's a routine performance
但他们的话中存在现实性 yet you manage to say there's not enough reality in it
影响着当时的孩子和现在成年人 to affect that child and now grownup
思考那些是非问题 Contemplate both things which are and things which are not
书籍的乐趣 The joy of books
一些人提到了书籍 Several people talked about books
帮他们在学校度过难关的不是人 not people in schools as being things that pulled through
书籍给我们展示了是非观 This sense of books being giving us pictures of what is and what is not
这是12世纪的一个学生写的 That's at what a 12th century student made
马丁布伯 Martin Buber
我现在不打算讲 I don't want to do that now
这是本很好的马丁布伯的书 It's a good Martin Buber book
我现在不讲书的内容 I don't want to explore it
这是莫里 That is Molly
听不清 Inaudible
这是个有名字的孩子 The named child
资料显示他还在上一年级 He's in year one as the file said
他有时很野 很调皮 He's kind of wild and a bit naughty sometimes
他找到了最好的朋友 He's found the best friend
有一天 他让我很高兴 He made me feel happy one day
这是他对问题的回答 This was the answer to the questions
学校对他们的自我感觉是否良好进行了问卷调查 three times in school about if they feel good about themselves
有一天他让我很高兴 He made me feel happy one day
我困在了外面的巴士上 So on the bus from outside, I was stuck
我的腿扭曲变形了 My leg twisted kind of in the other way
他帮我把腿拉了出来 He dealt me off
他没找我要什么 He didn't earn me anything
我们学校的计数课很厉害 I have been good in school for numeracy
我把计数棒给了他 因为他确实帮助了我 I gave in to him, because it really did help me
他感到非常非常的高兴 He felt really really joyful and happy to me
听不清 Inaudible
我认为这个事件打破了我们的教育制度 Now, this is delightful disruption I think of the entire schooling system
以及学校的相关政策 and policy orientation in school
她有一把计数棒 that she had a stick of numeracy
她拿计数棒去感谢这个男孩 and she was able to trade her wares as an act of thanks to this boy
帮她爬出了巴士 how to climb off the bus
这只是统计对象中的一个个体 He, just small to this statistical quotation
然后他回去告诉他的家人 He then want to tell his family
他以前没有计数棒 never had a stick of numeracy before
这是一个巨大的成就 This is a great achievement for them
他们为他高兴 They were pleased with him
女孩很高兴能有东西送给男孩 She was pleased that she had something to give him
听不清 Inaudible
所以这是多赢的结果 It's win-win-win...
当你有计数棒时 It just shows that when you are giving a stick of numeracy
这不是你拥有的全部 It's not simple of all that
如果你无心去做 If you do it heartlessly
那这就是一把计数棒 it would be just a stick of numeracy
但如果你赋予了它意义 If you do it with some meaning
那么就会从中产生意义和关怀 it would have a transferred value of meaning and care
不光是一把计数棒这么简单 not just numeracy
我猜你们也这样做过 I bet you did in yours as well
就是引用文献 of course, quotations
我现在也想引用 I want to do it now
但我们无法这样做 因为时间不多了 but we won't do it now because we don't have the time
但我对你们的引用文献很感兴趣 But we will be interested in yours
希望课后你们能讲讲你们的引用文献 I wish I could talk about it later about your quotations after this event
我们还需要了解些什么? What more do we need to know?
需要了解的内容还有很多 Quite a lot more
我想你们还需要了解这两张幻灯片上的内容 What I think you need to know more is two slides, two sort of things
其中一个是美德 One is about virtue
也就是你如何做事 This is about how you get to do the things
我认为专业人员 如社群 I think the profession, like the community
他们的行为并不仅限于条文的规定 what it does not to be subscribed to
所有有关专业主义的论述 All the statements of professionalism that you like
都是有关美德的 but you have virtue you are
专业人士的内涵就是你做了些什么 What are you as a professional is about what you do
我们都可以说我们应该怎么做 We can all say we do these things
但我们实际怎么做才是最重要的 but what we actually do
苏格兰哲学家约翰麦克姆雷 John Macmurray, the Scottish philosopher
写了很多有关善良的撒玛利亚人的文章 write a lot on Good Samaritan
故事的核心是"谁才是我的邻居" The point of Good Samaritan was who is my neighbor
我的邻居不是某个宗教团体的同伴 My neighbor is not a fellow member of a religious group
但当我受伤后却对我置之不理 at the time all the member passed me by when I was beaten up
我的邻居是那些帮助我的人 My neighbor is someone who helps me
就是故事中的撒玛利亚人 the Samaritan in the tale, in the account
即帮助了我的人 it was someone who helps me
社群因此得以形成 That's how you make community
在这些活动中 In that activity
形成社群的不是宗教团体或宗教机构 not in principles or formal membership
制定的制度或成员关系 of a religious group or institution or a profession
所以专业性体现在人们怎么做 So professions are made as they are
而不是人们怎么说 not as just they describe themselves
这是我的看法 That's what I think
如果有不同意见 请举手 Challenge with your hands
我会一直讲下去 I was teaching to be going on
勇敢一些 给他们一些不干胶 Be bold. Give them stickers
亚里斯多德认为学校和大学的领导很重要 Aristotle over my life, leadership in schools and universities is crucial
亚里斯多德认为宽容是领导的美德 Aristotle crowned the leadership virtue is of magnanimity
从字面和技术上讲 就是具有伟大的灵魂 meaning literally and technologically meaning "great souled"
也就是人们容易理解的"宽阔的胸襟" "big hearted" is the closest the people get to that
要成为领袖 就要有宽阔的胸襟 be big enough to be a leader
包容冲突的双方 be a both the conflicts
关注组织中的小事 be a both of the trivia of the organization
骄傲... be proud, but only...
只有当你具备了其他美德时 this crown of the leadership virtue is you only get
你才可能培养成这一至高无上的美德 that when you got the other ones
如果你没有引以为荣的事物 If you not got anything to be proud of
你就不应该骄傲 you shouldn't be proud
如果你有 那么你就应该以此为荣 If you have, you should be proud
你应该通过行为表现出你的骄傲 You should act how proud you were
所以一位宽容的领袖总是走得很慢 It suggests that magnanimous leader walks slowly
说话的声音浑厚 and talk in deep voice
这很有意思 Because it's interesting
因为如果你的行走速度太快 If you walk quickly
这就表明你在为一些事情焦虑 it suggests that you are anxious about things
你的职位越高 音调越调 The higher level of your ranges, the higher the voice
表明你的焦虑和紧张程度越高 suggests that the anxiety and the tension about things
所以我建议大家放慢脚步 降低音调 So I actually suggest walking slowly and in deep voice
我压低我的声音以显示真正的领导能力 Sorry I lower my voice to show true leadership
亚里斯多德说宽容非常重要 But he talked about magnanimity is crucial there
关于德行 有很多研究 我列出了一个清单 There's a whole set of research for virtues that I took this list
我的一些研究成果也加入了这个清单 particular list to mix with my own research
我确实认为 当我在做博士研究时 when I actually thought when I was doing my doctoral studies
我想研究证明 that sincerity was the most important quality
真诚是最重要的品质 that I try to demonstrate in the research
是所有研究伦理中最重要的品质 and all sorts of research ethics
我将谈到美德 即积极的品质 I'll talk about the virtues, the positive qualities that you have
我认为我没有打破伦理规则 I don't think I broke the ethics rules
我试着在学校中开展研究 but I try to go into schools
我在学校中开展研究 I did the research in schools
向他们介绍我要做什么 saying this is what I'm trying to do
你能不能帮我完成这项工作? Do you want to help me do that?
我会这么做 I will do this with it
我详细说明了我要做什么 I was trying to explain exactly what I was doing
希望能做一些对学校有用的研究 and try to do something that was also useful for the school
做一些对研究对象有用的研究 for the people being researched
所以这不是那种掠夺式的研究 So it wasn't smash-and-grab research
即在学校里找到一些材料 where you go in and take stuff and sort of with the heart at the school
然后再放到其他地方去展示 and display somewhere else
我希望和学校建立起一种长期的关系 I was trying to have a cyclic relationship with schools
所以我必须真诚的对待我所说的话 And be sincere with what I was saying
还有很多关于美德的研究 There's whole set of other research virtues
我之后写了很多有关这个问题的著作和论文 What I'm...I write later about those in the book and in the paper
你们都可以阅读 which was available to you
我所感兴趣的是你们的感受 What I'm interested is your own sense
你们的做法 那些数量众多风格各异的做法 your own practices, this huge and various practices
我沉默几分钟 If I can shut up a minute, I'm able to
我不说话 然后把你们分成两到三人的小组 I'll shut up and get you in small groups of two or three
由你们来说明自己身上体现出哪些美德 to work out of the virtues you demonstrate
不是你们所坚持的美德 not the virtues that you'd like to hold to
而是你们所体现出的美德 but the virtues that you think you demonstrate
每个人的能力不同 你们认为最重要的是什么 What are the higher priority ones in your own very different capacities
你们的能力各不相同 You all have different capacities in life
但如果你在这里工作 比如在学校工作 but if you work here, maybe here, maybe in schools and so on
你认为什么是最重要的美德 what are the highest priority virtues for you
如果小组成员有关最重要的美德 If you come to an agreement on the high priority
达成了一致意见 within the two or three people with whom you are talking
我希望你们能和我分享你们的意见 I'd like to hear about that
可以开始了吗? Can you do that?
5分钟? 可以吗? 5 minutes? Is that ok?
时间到了 Can I start stopping you?
请大家停下来 Finish stopping you
到这个时候 克里斯托弗一般会鼓掌 I get to that point at which typically, Christopher always claps his hand
然后说 我先表现出一个生病的症状 "What I will do is start a symptoms
然后哑着嗓子证明我生病了 and then hold tough voice through the symptoms
直到这一环节结束 before I even got to the end of it."
这是我最喜欢的(借口) That's my own favorite
好 我们谈到了... 有人问 It's ok. We are talking about...someone asked
你说的是理想吗? "Do you mean ideals?
或者是你的实际行动? Or do you mean what you actually do?"
我的意思是 在理想环境下 I think the idea is on a good day
什么是你所追求的美德 what virtues might you hope for
我们都有顺心和不顺心的时候 We all have better and worse days
我能走一圈 Can I go around
看有没有小组可以先回答我的问题? and see what I can ask groups to answer me that question first?
什么是你所认为的 What would be...is the one that came out that you can describe
最重要的美德? that you feel was important
请克里斯把回答记录下来 他为别人人做过记录 I want Chris be able to type them up as he did for the others
请打开 Please set up
谢谢你 克里斯 Thank you very much, Chris
我先来说 I've got to speak first
我先说 然后西尔再讲 I just go first, and then Ceal will start to talk
我认为有些地方是相似的 I think there's something similar
我不知道如何谈论美德 I don't know how to talk with the language of virtues
但我想我们俩都认为 But I think what we were both saying was that
美德是一种重要的衡量标准 when we thought it was a pretty important measure
衡量事物是否顺利 of things going well
衡量我们的服务对象是否理解他们的责任 and people we were serving understood their sort of responsibility
投资 或者其他什么 and investment or whatever
我们希望为他们提供帮助 We were trying to assist and doing
他们投入了足够多的资源 They were...invest enough that to...
可能这是我的理解 maybe this is just my part
用一种有创造性的方法... to take a creative approach to...
听不清 Inaudible
所以你的美德是被你的服务对象理解 So your virtue is the virtue of being understood as someone
使他们认识到你的目的是培养他们的创造力 who is supporting them to be creative
是的 Yes
我的研究开始时 My own research started
和我一起工作的学校校长和班主任 when the principal of the school I worked and the head teacher
对全校的同学说 went to all classes in the school
他向所有学生这样介绍自己 and he said to introduce himself to each of the classes
他和我共事了18个月后 向学生们说 into my class after 18 months two years and said to the class
我当时坐在那里 I was sitting there
他说 欢迎斯特恩先生 He said, Mr. Stern...welcome
斯特恩先生已经为我工作了18个月 Mrs. Stern has been working for me for 18 months now
我想... and I wanted to...
后面他说了些什么我不记得了 well, I don't know what he said for the rest of the time
因为我当时很震惊 because what struck me at that moment was that
他居然认为我在为他工作 he thought I was working for him
我从来没有那样认为过 I didn't think until that moment
直到那一刻还在认为他是为我工作 that he was working for me
而我为学生工作 I was working for the students
他为我工作 and he was working for me
所以我对彼此的关系有我的看法 So I had that view of relationship
他有他的看法 but he had the other view
这就是为什么我感到自己出现了分裂 and that would explain why I felt torn
我认为我是在为学生工作 I thought I was working for the students
但同时其他人也希望我为校长工作 but I was being expected to work for the principal as well
所以我出现了分裂 就像许多老师一样 So I was being torn apart, as a lot of teachers are
许多校长也感到了分裂 A lot of principals are torn apart
他们在学校工作 They want to be working within the school
但他们同时也要为教育主管人员 but they have to be working for the superintendents
或董事会工作 or the board or whatever it is
所以他们也感到了分裂 So they can feel that they are torn apart
我认为单向的工作负责制是健康的 I guess it's healthy to work in one direction
任何方向都可以 and it can be either way
所以可以是学生为教师工作 So it could be students work for the teachers
教师为校长工作 and teachers work for the principal
或者反过来 It could be another way around
两种可能性都是可行的 Both are possible
但分裂却会造成困难 but pulling apart is difficult
所以你的看法很有意思 So it's interesting
你想被你的工作对象理解 that you want to be understood as someone
使他们认识到你在开发他们的创造性 who is supporting genuine creativity for the people whom you work
我喜欢你的观点 So I like that
这是个很好的包容性的美德 It's good magnanimous virtue
谢谢 Thank you
还有其他美德吗? Can I get around some other virtues?
听不清 Inaudible
假设还有其他美德存在 Assuming that other virtues that would exist
说到专业能力的问题 Ask a question this competency
有专业能力 成为某个职业的美德 and being competent, becoming a virtue in a profession
你能不能说明美德是否可以通过某种技能训练 Can you be able to fresh and have a virtue of...have a skill
使人们能够掌握这种美德? so that people would follow and deal with?
专业能力是否是美德? Is competency being a virtue
我已经回答了我的问题 I just answer my question
听不清 Inaudible
有没有什么美德可以通过技能培训来实现 Or is there a skill set that you can learn
通过学习而培养起诚实和信任的美德? and develop for virtues of honesty and trust?
亚里斯多德认为人们可以通过练习来获得 According to Aristotle, you can practice it
你可以通过美德练习来培养美德 You can become virtuous through the practice of virtues
我认为这很重要 I certainly think it's important
杰克梅森是一位喜剧演员 Jacky Mason, a comedian, said
我想他在纽约的一次部队演出中 I think it was in army in New York
被人批评太过傲慢 who was criticized of being arrogant
他说如果你在乘坐飞机 He said if you are in an aircraft
你是选傲慢但却技术娴熟的飞行员呢? do you want an arrogant pilot or a good pilot?
还是选一个谦虚的飞行员 Or do you want a humble pilot
但他却因为能力有限 直接让飞机掉了下来 who plunge you down to the earth through his incompetence?
坦率的说 他会选那个傲慢的飞行员 Frankly, he would rather go for the arrogant one
也是好的飞行员 who is a good pilot
换句话说 In other words
专业能力非常重要 the competence is actually important
美德和能力并不对立 A virtue is not an alternative to a competence
你要的是能开飞机的人 You actually want someone who can fly the plane
如果他们谦虚或傲慢 If they are humble or arrogant or whatever
那么这是另外的一种重要特质 that may be something else important as well
所以我对这个问题很感兴趣 So I will be interested in that
你们的意见呢? What do others think?
你们是否认为专业能力也是一种美德? Do you think competence itself is a virtue?
他是我的偶像 I model myself as you see
听不清 Inaudible
我认为谦虚是他成功的关键 That, I think, kind of humble is a way through
他成功了 He had his way through
这意味着他成为了一个有智慧的人 That's the means of becoming an intelligent person
听不清 Inaudible
我不能说学校领导 I wouldn't say school leadership should always
总是应该以克伦伯为榜样 be the model on the Colombo
另一件事 And the other thing
你说你出了门... you said that as you are walking out of the door...
听不清 Inaudible
你想发表意见吗? Do you want to say something?
我想说 专业能力显然很好 I'm just gonna say obviously competence is good
但我认为最大程度的利用你已有的资源才是关键 but I suspect doing the most you can with what you've got is the point
这才是美德 That's the virtue
让孩子们 学生们充分利用他们已有的资源 Getting the child, student, do the best they can with what they've got
听不清 Inaudible
我来补充两句 I guess I'll add to that
我认为 无论人们扮演什么角色 I think people have...whatever role they play
他们都有责任培养自己的能力 they have responsibility to be competent
换句话说 In other words
你应该仔细思考 你应该对专业能力不足 try to think through when you know that you are not competent
或没有把握住提升能力的机会负责 or you haven't taken initiative to become competent is responsible
我认为通过这样的方式 I guess in that way
可以将专业能力视为一种美德 I would see competence as being a virtue
关注自己的专业行为 因为这些行为会影响他人 To care about those actions
这是很重要的 because they do affect other people is important
我认为如果专业能力本身成了目的 I think if competence to became an end itself
我对此感到忧虑 I would be worried
有专业能力 If being competent, you know
每天高效率的填写一些文件 filling in the bits of paper effectively every day
这种行为本身就是目的 was itself the end of the thing
但如果你知道如果不填写这些文件 But filling those in because you know if you don't fill it in
你就拿不到拨款 we won't get funding
因为"不落下任何一个孩子"的规定 based on "No child is left behind" or whatever
那么我们便失去了另一个教师 and we will have to let go of another teacher
真实的专业能力本身 Then the actual competence is itself
是一种方式 a way of showing you care for the people
展示你对人的关怀 或学生教育的关怀 or for the education of children or however it works
所以我认为专业能力也是一种精神 So I think the competence is something
不难发现 学校的精神是一个开放的体系 and it's easy to see the spirit of school being flared end
充满了人的因素 因此不能被设定 They are deeply personal and therefore not matching
在我们思考其他美德时 As we assume other virtues, it just gets
我的一个朋友是一名很好的外科医生 a friend, a surgeon who is very good as a surgeon
但人们不喜欢他 But people didn't like him
因为他不喜欢参与别人的谈话 because he didn't want to engage into many conversations
不喜欢和别人讨论他人的需求 didn't want to talk about what they needed from personal side
但他真的很有能力 But he was very competent
他宁愿独处也不愿和人说话 He'd rather just shut up and is not very willing to talk to anybody
人们不喜欢他这一点 But that didn't make people feel good
听不清 Inaudible
我学校工作的经验告诉我 My experience in school
我认为你和我有不同的理解 and I feel it's your different understanding of
你认为学生不在乎老师只是走进教室 school's children don't mind a teacher who just turns up
直接开始讲课 显示了效率和能力 does the lesson, does effectively, efficiently
然后下课后直接离开 competently and goes away
如果这个教师一直是这样 If they are consistent in that
如果他们显示出效率 and if they are effective in that
那么孩子们并不介意 and children don't mind that there were some teachers
老师从不过问他们的家庭生活 who don't ask them about the home lives
从不关心他们的外出旅行 and don't take voyage on trips and don't do those things
但老师确实很严谨 and would actually rather serious minded
我认为这名教师只是对互动活动缺乏热情 and I entertain it as not passionate in the interactions
但他们都很有能力 But they are good at it
相比之下 学生更喜欢这种老师 They would prefer that to someone
而不喜欢对有的孩子好 有的孩子不好的老师 who is very friendly to some of the children but not to others
因为这种老师表现得不公平 So it's inconsistent
也不喜欢情绪化的教师 or moody who are enthusiastic one day
有些人今天激情四射 明天萎靡不振 and miserable the next
孩子们都有自己的价值观 Other children have a value
一个严肃的有能力的教师 The seriously competent teachers
可能并不具备这些人际相处的素质 who doesn't have a lot of those personal qualities
但长远来看是有利的 because they see it in the long terms
我认为孩子们有自己的判断 Children, I think, have a sense
我认为这个认识对我很重要 我一直在关注 I think it's useful to me, and I mind this
如果所有教师都像这样 If all teachers are like that
那么学校将成为一个令人难以忍受的地方 it would be able to a hard place to be
但我认为 你可能也感受到了 But I think, that would be your experiences as well
学生能够判断好的高效的专业能力 that students can value that sort of good and efficient competence
有点不近人情 有点脱离群众 slightly like unfeeling, unconnected
听不清 Inaudible
遗憾的是 有时候在高中 Unfortunately, sometimes in high schools
我们认为应该忽视这点 we think that should be ignored
听不清 Inaudible
学生确实希望参与进去 The students do want to be engaged
就像我们将的那个故事一样 学生收到一本书 just like our story that the students received the book
然后说 谢谢你 约翰 and they say "Thank you, John."
他们得到了一种个人认同 And they have that personal recognition
谢谢 Thank you
这是个很有趣的故事 So that's an interesting one
谢谢你 Thank you for that
另一种美德 The other virtues
对不起 你有什么要说的吗? sorry, I don't...do you have, sir?
你还有什么需要补充的吗? Do you have additional ones that you want to mention?
我们谈到了真诚的价值 We talked about the value of sincerity
"我相信你"这样的话 A couple of...both "I believe in you"
非常重要 而且体现了一些现实性 and that's important and also kind of realism
说"我相信你" 而且以这种方式说出 Yes. To say "I believe in you" and to say in such a way
并没有传达真诚的感情 it's clearly not sincerely meant
这是非常危险的 It's dangerous
这样说现实吗 So is that realistic
比如"我相信你" 而不是说"我了解你" "I believe in you", not to the extent that "I know you"
或者我相信你会取得好成绩上大学 or get the brilliant grades that you'd all go off to I believe colleges
你应该说"我相信真实的你" but "I believe in you as you are"
而不是别人希望的那个"你" not as everyone would hope to be
西蒙研究了一个问题 One of those issues on the Simon
费雷德西蒙开发了西蒙线 Freud Simon developed Simon line
你现在的位置在哪里? where you get where you are now?
一年之后你希望在哪里? where you want to be in a year's time
西蒙说在开展了一些研究之后 said it was only after doing some research
一些和这个类似的研究 similar research to this
她才认识到她的生命中应该有一些声音 that she realized that all her life should have this voice
对她的工作提出批评 criticizing what she was doing
她还说 and setting...sort of saying...
直到做了一些研究工作之后 it was only after she's done some of that research
她才发现批评的声音是自己的声音 that she said that she realized that was her voice as well
她的内心存在一些理想和抱负 She had within herself those ideals and those ambitions
这些理想和抱负就是她的声音 and they were her voice
不是外部的声音 而是自己的声音 It wasn't external voice. It was her own
所以她的内心也很强大 So she was also better at herself within herself
学校发展和个人建设的目的 The school development, the personal construct
都是为了找到自我前进的目的 is about finding those things within yourself that you can move towards
不是寻找前进的外部目标 not finding an external goal that you make towards
而是自身内部的目标 but the things within yourself
这是她的描述 This is what she described that
另一种美德 对不起我要绕教室走一圈了 The other virtue, sorry I go around the room
我把最难的放在了最后 I'm leaving the hardest ones to here
因为这个问题太严肃了 because it was so serious
你谈到了无私的美德 You talked about the virtues that are being selfless
还谈到了真诚 Also we have some sincerity as well
你能不能解释一下"无私"? Can you explain selflessness?
一种自觉推崇 Kind of like self-advocating
想到学生的特殊需求 kind of thinking of special needs students...
自觉维护这个学生 really self-advocating for that student
使我相信这个学生受到了尊重 and make me sure that you are being respectful
没有辜负父母的希望 parent wishes
确保你关注这些问题的目的 and making sure that you are not looking at something
不是为了自我宣传 that we are just being advocating for your own publication
而是你的工作确实提高了这个孩子的生活质量 but you improving that child quality of life
考虑到了 and take into consideration
他的家人是否能随时陪伴其左右 that these families are living with this disability 24/7
你的研究工作和每天的教学工作 And really your research and your everyday teaching
是否有助于提高这个孩子的自主性 is working at improving that child's self-determination
所以是一种自我推崇 So kind of self-advocating
所以无私是和自私相对的 而不是自我否定相对应 That's selfless in contrast to selfish, not self-denying
是的 确实如此 Right, exactly
这很重要 It's important, I think
你没有否认老师也是人 that you are not self-denying that teachers are living too
教师或辅导员不是一味的付出 It's not teachers or counselors giving them
和为他人牺牲 and sacrifice themselves to people
我们应该先理解自我的需求 It's having the ability to understand your own needs
然后理解他人的需求 and also the needs of the other person
这会促进你想象力的发展 that leap your imagination
我认为有时候教师的无私 I think selflessness can sometimes
教师会心存疑虑 teachers are now sometimes suspicious, may think
因为这意味着他们下班之后 That means they have to work after
社会生活变得更少 收入更少 and have a less social life and get paid less
听不清 Inaudible
两个我都不推荐 I wouldn't recommend that either
最后面那排 At the back end
你有需要补充的吗? Do you want to add?
我们谈到了开放性 We talked about openness
然后用西蒙线来思考专业能力 and think that competency along the Simon line
而不是从一项专业能力到另一项能力 and not competent to competent
我们可能不会讨论别人的专业能力 may be arguing nobody's competent
因为我们受到已有的知识限制 because we're bound by existing knowledge
有时运用这些知识也受到限制 and applying the knowledge in this place sometimes
所以保持开放的态度是否真的有用? So being open to what else would be out there, does this really work?
站在领导位置的人可以告诉我们些什么? That people were leading, have something that they could tell us about
开放性包括进一步的提高或发展 Openness including openness to further improvement or development
以及对他人的开放和对自我的开放 and openness to other people and openness to yourself
我认为后者也需要勇气 which I think takes courage as well
但我认为这和专业能力是相对应的 But I think that works against competency again
有时候 Sometimes, there are...
人们关于专业能力有很多的认识 With stocks of simple views of competency
正如你说的 不光是有没有专业能力这么简单 As you say, it's not you are just competent
而是你是否能做得更好 It suggests you can become better of these things
听不清 Inaudible
你宁愿展示弱点也不想更开放 You are willing to be vulnerable than be open
置身于那样的环境中 你可以说 Put yourself out there and say
这对我而言太难了 "You know, this is tough for me
但参与很重要 所以我来了 but it's important to engage. That's why I'm here."
对于有一定强度的任务或专业来说 But there's vulnerability for a position
你有理由表现出弱点 of reasonable strength and professionalism
而缺乏专业能力则是一种弱点 there is the vulnerability that's just not competent
我之前提到了一名短跑健将 The sprinter I mentioned before, the sprinter
他是一名美国的短跑名将 Maris Screen, the American sprinter
他当时刚刚打破了100米世界纪录 when he just broke the world record for 100 meters said
随后接受采访时 他说 in the interval of interview afterwards
有人问我这个比赛有什么特别之处 "I was asked about what was so special about this race
这个比赛有什么不同之处 or what's the difference of this race."
他说 令我惊奇和高兴的是 And he said, "To my surprise and delight
他说他很放松 享受比赛的时间 I relaxed. I took my time."
优秀的运动员经常说 And the elite sports people often say that
当你全身心放松时 你就可以发挥得最好 when you relax, you do the best performance
这种强度的比赛 你可以放松 也应该放松 Now that form of strength, you can relax and you should relax
如果我放松下来 不紧不慢的跑 If I relax and take my time
可能需要10分钟才能跑完100米 it will take me 10 minutes to do 100 meters
所以问题的关键不是我放松下来就可以打破世界纪录 So it's not that I will break the world record if I relaxed
因为我不具备短跑的专业能力 because I'm incompetent sprinter
我是一个快乐的不合格短跑者 Happily incompetent sprinter
但对于一般的职业短跑运动员来说 But for broadly professional competent sprinter
我的态度很恭敬 I was being humble there
我有73秒时间 Now I got 73 seconds
所以 每个职位都有其弱点 But that sense that you can be vulnerable from the position
但仍然属于专业水准 that's still professional
这样说合理吗? Is that reasonable?
好的 那边还有其他问题吗? Ok. Anything over here?
对不起 那边? Sorry, over here?
有个关于农民路易斯的故事 他很专业 A story of his countrymen Louise, who is competent
他是一位很好的教师 I mean he is a very good instructor
当学生超越我们时 他鼓励我们高兴起来 He kind of encourage us to rejoice when the student passes you are
这是一种安慰 一种宽容 That's relief, magnanimity
尽管有时很难做到 It's hard to do sometime
但如果你做到了 那么你就是幸运的 But if you can, it's a fortune
我的同事提到了约翰 My colleague made a reference to John
你再讲讲那个话题呢? Why don't you pick it back on that?
那就是其他人讲的 Or somebody did
非常棒 我不记得约翰是否是15岁 It was great. I didn't remember it was John 15
听不清 Inaudible
我认为他取得了比我更大的成就 I think he was someone who does the greater things than I, to this psychos
但看起来确实非常的了不起 So it does seem to be something very very powerful
希望这些当代的年轻人... hoping those contemporary leading...
听不清 Inaudible
我以前有一位同事 I had a colleague once
我不提他的名字 the person who definitely remained nameless
有人听他在博士生课堂上对学生说 who was heard to teach a doctoral class, saying to them
他很享受 他说 regaling them, saying
你们知道的永远都没有我多 "You never know as much as me
我会给大家上这个博士课程 but I'll get you through this doctorate
听不清 Inaudible
他也是博士 这是他说的 He's a doctorate. He says
我对5岁的孩子都不可能这么说 I wouldn't say that to 5-year-old
还不要说是博士生了 never mind the doctorate students
这是我提到的反例 Indeed, I would say the opposite, you know
我会这样说 你们将学到比我更多的知识 I would say, "You're gonna know far more than me
让我们一起来 看在这个过程中还能有什么收获 So let's work together and see what I can get you on this road
以及其他类似的话 And all of that."
所以这些都是美德的反面 so that's the opposite vice to go with the virtue
高高在上 自我封闭 the vice of staying on top and putting the lids
当其他人比我们做得更好时 the virtue of celebrating and rejoicing
我们应该庆幸 应该高兴 when people do better even
这是一种很微妙的感受 And it's a subtle one
我知道在音乐界 I know in musical performance
哪怕是全世界最伟大的音乐家也有老师 even the greatest musicians in the world have teachers
他们也有老师 Still have teachers
尽管他们很伟大 而他们的老师不够伟大 whilst they are the greatest and their teachers are not
你仍然需要接受教育和指导 and that sense that you can still want and need teaching
尽管你已经是全世界最伟大的音乐家了 even as you are the world's greatest whatever it is
伟大的钢琴家 等等 pianist or whatever
你仍然需要老师 You may still need a teacher
你不可能去教老师 and in a way that you couldn't teach a teacher
但老师可以教你 but the teacher can still teach you
所以我认为我们必须要坚持这点 So I think we need to hold on to that as well
谢谢 Thank you
我们讨论了很多好的美德 That's a pretty good set of virtues there
现在回到幻灯片上来 I'll go back to the slide show
我再给大家看一些例子 I'll show this more
我最感兴趣的是 But one thing activity that I'm interested in is
人们如何培养起美德观 how people create the sense of virtues and how they do that
如何使自己变得更有美德 how they can be engaged in becoming more virtuous
我认为人们只看到 I think people look at it as it were
在信息和技术方面培养员工的专业能力 competence and training for staff in terms of information and skills
但在教育新班级 新教师 新参观者时 but actually it can be about both education of new classes
都可以培养他们的美德 new teachers, new visitors, new anything
也对美德的话题感兴趣 Can also be about virtues
以及人们在理解了美德后如何培养美德 and how that gained now people understand that
我认为这些对于一个组织的精神来说至关重要 I think it's hugely important for the spirit of the organization
谢谢 thank you for that
当然 还有很多观点 Of course, still all of these ideas...
如果我使用这些观点 我会写明是你们的观点 but I will credit, and I will use these again
还有什么? What next?
保持对话 Keep the dialogue going
说起来很简单 That's easy to say
我和克里斯有长期的合作关系 I have a long term connection with Chris and work with Chris
我很高兴能来这里和克里斯共事 and am pleased to work with Chris to come over here
我还希望其他一些同事 and I want some other colleagues to be over
也能去英国和香港 to England and to Hong Kong as well
我将非常高兴 I would like that
我想我们将会开诚布公的谈话 I think the dialogue will go on frankly
不管我喜不喜欢 对话都会进行下去 Whether I like it or not, it will carry on
但我希望能有更多的人参与进来 But I like that time encompass more people
更多的在座各位参与进来 and more of the people here
我会回复电子邮件 That means I do answer emails
我真的会写回信 and normally, I do actually answer
我有很多事务 There's a lot of stuff
但如果有人给我写邮件或想和我谈话 but I always respond if people email me
我都会回复他们 or want to talk to me, or whatever
总体上来讲 我不拒绝邀请 I don't on the whole turn down invitations
我不拒绝邀请 I don't turn down invitations
如果你们说 I'd be happy to carry on dialogues if you want to say
我不明白你的研究 或者你能不能这样做? "No, I don't understand what might work
我将很荣幸和你们进行探讨 Or would you like to do this?"
总的来说 我不会拒绝 On the whole I would say yes
我默认的设置是"参与" My default setting is to engage
我愿意和有着不同能力的人共事 So I like to do that with yourselves in all your different capacities
我将一直留在这里 直到下周二和周三 Some here until next Tuesday and Wednesday
我的电子邮件已经印在了纸上 My email address is on the paper
就在那里 后面 It's there. Back there
你们可以给我发邮件 安菲尔德是个足球场 There you go. Amfield is a soccer
接下来是什么 So what's next
继续保持谈话 Keep the dialogue going
你们可能也希望做一些有关学校精神的研究 You may wish to do some of the research in the spirit of school research
我调查了一些西雅图地区的学校 I asked the schools in the Seattle area
这些学校已经答应参加研究 who are already wanting to do that
我的学校调查需要3个半小时 It takes 3.5 hours to do what I did in schools in a school
我是通过电话完成的 But it was me doing something by phone
而不是亲自完成 whether she herself was doing that
我很高兴能够为三个半小时的调查提供帮助 I'm happy to facilitate that. 3.5 hours in school
我花了一年半的时间申请许可 It takes the last 18 months to get permissions
但研究活动只用了三个半小时就完成了 but it only takes 3.5 hours to actually do that in schools
这是我对大家的告诫 So I for that is a caveat
如果你们想自己来做研究 So you may wish to do that
我将很高兴给大家帮助 and I'm happy to give that to people in various ways
无论你们是自己单独研究还是和同事一道 to do yourselves and with colleagues
你们可能想研究英国的情况 You may wish to do work across within the U.K.
研究高等学校的情况 通过领事馆来完成 and high education in schools, in consulate in a different capacities
我将非常的感兴趣 I would be fascinated by that
我和克里斯提到了... I'd be talking with Chris about...
太令人吃惊了 oh, it's surprising
今天早上我和克里斯谈到如何来开展研究 I was surprised that I was talking to Chris this morning
我感到非常的吃惊 about how we might develop
因为我做了有关学校精神的研究 because I've done the spirit of school
对两个国家的13所学校做了研究 I've done this small 13 schools in two countries
共有144名研究对象参与研究 144 participants
其中包括班主任 校长 mixture of head teachers and principals
普通教师 其他员工和小学生 teachers and other staff and pupils
样本的规模不大 不足以进行定量分析 So small in scale, it was not quantitatively analyzed or whatever
我们应该试着确定和发展出 You've got to try to embed and develop
一个站得住脚的有关"精神性"的定义 what I think a robust definition of spirituality that, as it were
而且对学校的孩子和成年人而言是有意义的 is meaningful for what the children and the adults say in schools
要能够理解 It seems to make sense
这项研究鼓励了我 I was encouraged by the research
我对这个概念进行了定义 I did the definition
研究活动并不鼓励定义 It is not recommended for research
研究做完后 我又做了研究 I did the research after I'd done the research
我还没有检验研究结果 I didn't test out
我也没有做假设和测试假设 I didn't have the hypothesis and test them all out
这个定义还会随着人们看法的改变而改变 The definition changed as I was hearing how people were talking
我之所以受到了鼓励 I was encouraged
是因为人们在学校中谈论个人问题 because people in schools were talking about personal issues
从来不讨论考试成绩 and never talked about exam results
领导工作或外部的事物 leads tables, external things
即使要求他们讨论这些话题 他们也不愿意 even when I asked them about some of those things
这些话题和个人话题对他们的影响似乎是不同的 It didn't seem to touch them the same way
所以我和克里斯谈到我们可以从中获得哪些信息 So I was talking with Chris about what could we collect it
我和其他人如何处理这些信息 what can I and others do with this
我们都希望了解... We were all keen on how...
这些研究是在学校完成的 those working with schools
我们都希望了解这些话题如何改进学校 how things improve schools
以及在某些方面如何改进大学的 improve universities, how to improve universities in some ways
我认为学校是有精神的 而且还应具有有更多精神 I think schools are spirited and could be more spirited
我们研究可以采取哪些措施 The things that could be done
研究不同的职业 and trying to see what would it be that the different professions
有什么需求 would want
这些都是我们希望得出的结论 Is it...and we were trying to develop
最后可以是一本小书 It could be a handbook that would be involved
书中记录了这些哲学问题 talking about some of these philosophic issues
对人们形成启发的原则 principles inspiring people
也可以记录一些研究工具 could includes some research tools like this
如定性研究 个人研究等 the sort of qualitative ones, the personal ones
也可以记录一些真实的测试结果 could involve some way of actual scaling
如学校的精神是什么 how the spirit of school is
寻求一些措施 look for measures
人们通过这些措施发展其人际关系或友谊 measures that are hoped for relationships or friendships, whatever
研究这些方法是否使学校和校区 see if some way of schools, giving to schools the power
获得了自我理解的能力 to understand themselves and to districts and so on
理解之后又该怎么做 Then what could do with that
去反复测试 直到最后 try things out, in a way that comes to the end of...
我完成了这一阶段的研究 I've come to the end of this session
完成了第一阶段的研究 but come to the end of the first stage of the research
研究花了我两年时间 我写了一本书 I've spent two years on this, written a book which
如果你们喜欢这本书的内容 if you like fans of this
这就是这本书的基础 this is all based
现在 我的内容已经讲完了 Now I'd like to change the wordless class
这是谦虚的抱负 Some modest ambition
我希望和你们一道实现这个抱负 Well, I'd like help work, I'd like to work with you on that as well
改变高等教育 改变学校体制 changing high education, changing school systems
别无所求 and nothing else
我和其他一些人一起做过改革 I have worked with other people changing...
他们在另一种环境下希望改革宗教团体 who want to do similar things in religious groups in other context
研究宗教社团是否也可以注入精神 see if the religious community can be spirited
这是一项有趣的挑战 It's interesting challenge...
有人问 你是否认为宗教团体也可以有精神? someone said do you think of religious group could be spirited too?
我不知道 I don't know
听不清 Inaudible
我想他们可以 I think they can be
还有没有其他可以给我惊喜的问题? Other things that surprised me
你们能给我惊喜吗? are you able to surprise me?
里克 Rick
我很喜欢你上周和这周讲到的内容 I really enjoy what you said last week and again this week
我需要消化和思考你的很多观点 A lot of ideas I need to process and think about
我认为我有一个不得不问的问题 But I have this overarching question that I feel like I need to ask
这个问题和你使用"有精神的"和"精神性" That has to do with the way that you use the word "spirited"
这两个词的方法有关 and the way you use the word "spirituality"
我认为从某种程度上来说 I guess to certain extent
如果你只是感觉到 I mean if you only want to feel that way is
我觉得你没有充分的强调"精神性" that I didn't feel like it was as much emphasis on spirituality
就我的理解 你的讲座中没有强调这个概念 as I understood it, coming into these lectures
我的问题是 I guess the question that I have is
"有精神的"和"精神性"这两个词有同一个词根 while the word "spirited" and "spirituality" have the same root
它们是否是同义词 are they really synonymous
"有精神的"就是"精神性"? as they use "spirited" is "spirituality"
换句话说 In other words
有没有这样的可能 一个人或一群人 would it be possible for a person or a group of people
在没有精神指引的情况下 to really be a significant players in creating a spirited school
是否可以创建一所有精神的学校? without necessarily being spiritual?
问得好 Yes, good question
你认为"精神性的"这个词是什么意思? What do you think the word "spiritual" means?
我在听你的讲座之前 Well, probably I think before we listen to the lectures
我一直认为"精神性" I tended to think of "spirituality"
这个词有很多的宗教性 as having more religiosity connected to it
这就是为什么我没有在研究中提出这个问题的原因 Yes, and that's one of the reasons why I don't ask in the research
我没有提出有关精神性的问题 didn't ask about spirituality
不是说我不想知道答案 I don't mean because I didn't want the answer
而是因为我认为"精神性"和"精神" but because I think the word "spirituality" and the word "spirit"
可以造就一种预期 can have expectations attached to them
非常有份量的预期 can have weights attached to them
足以改变人们的看法 or can distort what people then say
我之所以将"精神"和"精神性"分开来说 I wouldn't split...I mean I split the "spirit" and "spirituality"
部分原因是因为我认为"精神"这个词 partly because I think the word "spirit"
所具有的精神性的意义 has more of what I think "spirituality" is
超过了人们所说的"精神性"本身所带有的意义 than the word "spirituality" when other people talk about it
奇怪的是 在我研究了精神性之后 So I have...it's strange after I doing things on spirituality
不少人找到我 quite a few people come up to me afterwards
问我 你的"精神性"到底是什么 and say "What is your spirituality."
我在这个问题上已经讲了一个半小时 I've just been talking for an hour and half
这就是为什么我一直在讲的原因 that is why I've been saying
我还为此写了一本8万5千字的书 I've written this 85,000-word book
就是这样 你们希望它是什么 That is where it is. How much do you want
很多人在书中寻找这些小盒子 and this is these people searching for little box
我不是说你们 I don't mean you are
有些人一直在找小盒子 but people may be searching for little box
想将我或"精神性"放在盒子里 to either put me in or to put spirituality in
我所推崇的精神性源于两位哲学家 I am, as it were, promoting the sense of spirituality that derive from
一位是苏格兰的基督教哲学家约翰麦克姆雷 particularly the Scottish Christian philosopher John Macmurray
另一位是欧洲的犹太哲学家马丁布伯 and the European Jewish philosopher Martin Buber
他们两人具有不同的宗教背景 which came different religious backgrounds
他们从两个角度研究了精神性 and then approach to spirituality in both cases
他们都反对狭义的 制度上的宗教性 They both object religiosity in a narrow sense and in institutional sense
约翰麦克姆雷离开了... John Macmurray left...he was...
据说他对待自己非常的严格 I think it was said that he was very strict up within
第一次世界大战时 他离开了教会 He left the Church in the WWI
因为他认为太多人在战争中丧生 because he thought for all the death
他宁愿呆在一战中四处都是污泥的战壕中 and took the mud in the trenches of the WWI where he was
所以他回来到了战壕 and then he came back
他认为战壕在精神上比他的家乡更加洁净 He thought it was spiritually cleaner
因为人们恶意的诋毁德国人 than the home from toward people would be
很多时候是无端中伤 hypocritically insulting of the Germens, meaninglessly insulting
所以他回到了战壕 So he went back the trenches
因为战壕在精神上更加洁净 because it was spiritually cleaner
他用的这个词很可怕 which is a terrifying phrase that he used
但他确实是这个意思 but he meant it
后来 约翰创立了他的友人团队 So, later, John set his friends group
马丁布伯提出的犹太精神性有很强的宗教色彩 Martin Buber was...I mean, deeply religious in the Jewish spirituality
他还翻译了圣经 and translated sacred text
1938年 他在纳粹德国工作 When in 1938, he was working in Nazi Germany of 1938
是犹太成人教育机构的负责人 as the head of Jewish adult education institute
所以当时的日子很艰难 so in those about tough times and dialogue
后来他搬到了耶路撒冷 and then moved to Jerusalem
在耶路撒冷找到了工作 got a job in Jerusalem
听不清 Inaudible
他一直生活到20世纪60年代 直到去世 he lived there until 1960s till he died
他有一张申请表格 He had applied form
他想成为一名神学教师 wanting to get a job in the theology faculty
但神学家认为他不够虔诚 but the theologians thought he wasn't religious enough
因为他信仰犹太教 because he was into the branches of Judaism
犹太教被认为不属于主流宗教 that was not considered mainstream enough
后来他获得了社会学的教职 不是宗教学 He got a professorship in sociology, not religion
20世纪最伟大的宗教哲学家 one of the greatest religious philosophers in the 20th century
居然没有获得宗教研究的教席 couldn't get a job in the theology religious studies context
而成为了一名社会学教师 but got one in sociology
60年代去世时 他也没有做任何社会学的研究 which he never studied in his 60s life
大家都听说过提姆迪尔沃姆的人 These people would know the name Tim Deerworm
提姆迪尔沃姆在一封电子邮件中告诉我 and Tim Deerworm convinced me in an email
马丁布伯确实成为了一名基督教信徒 that Martin Buber actually became a Christian
你听过这回事吗? Have you heard about that?
我从来没有听说过 I've not heard about that
我还以为你要说 我看看这封邮件 I wish you said you would see the email
这很有趣 It's interesting
我想这是值得注意的 但很有意思 I think it would be remarkable and interesting
还有一件事 我不强迫你回答 One more thing. I wouldn't push
你刚才说了 你是一位哲学家 just as what you said, you are a philosopher
现实的三个维度 the real dimensions
自然 伦理和宗教在现实中是相互分离的 the natural, the moral and the religious, they are all separated in real
不知道你是否认同这种观点 I'm just interested in what you would agree
你赞成这种看法吗? Would you support that?
不 它们是一体的 No. They are all one
我不知道... so I wonder about...
我承认很多人都在谈论宗教和宗教性 So, I agree there's not a lot of talk about religion and religiosity
从某种意义上来说 and in some senses
他们并没有抛弃宗教和宗教性 that's not a rejection of religion and religiosity
我是教育学和宗教学的教授 I'm a professor of education and religion
我研究这两方面的内容 That's what I do
我感兴趣的是两个领域的交叉 I'm interested in the interaction of those two
我还对精神性感兴趣 I'm also interested in spirituality
它们无论如何都是不一样的 They are not quite the same thing in any way
但作为我研究基础的精神性 But the sort of spirituality that I'm basing this on
可能无法 is the particular sort of spirituality
得到一些人的认同 that some people would disagree with
但我希望 我所研究的精神性 However, I like it in the way that I hope is able to
不仅能够被人们所接受 be promoted in a way that it's not just acceptable
而且还能启发有宗教信仰和无宗教信仰的人 but inspiring for people who are religious and to those not religious
所以我认为 尽管这里没有涉及政治 So I think it is, notwithstanding politically enough
我很幸运能思考这些问题 I am lucky enough to think
我希望能对不同的受众群讲解我的研究 What I think actually will work for different audiences
我认为人们对"精神性"这个概念有不同的理解 I think people have different concept of what "spirituality" is
对我来说 这个词的外延很宽泛 I guess, to me, "spirituality" will set a much broader
超过了犹太教 基督教的概念 than the concept of Juda-Christianity
可以将美洲印第安人的信仰也包括进来 It could include sample native Americans face systems
这个词来自于信仰体系 It really comes out of the belief systems
对于人们从狭义角度理解的概念 But people have narrow
我知道都有很宽泛的外延 where I know broader definition
我要说不是信仰体系 而是实践 I would say not belief system but practice is
我认为信仰和实践不可分割 I mean beliefs both go with that
鉴于时间不多了 I just want to be respectful of time
如果你们还有疑问 so if you have some questions
有些人需要离开 those of you who need to leave
你们可以先行离开 why don't you go ahead
还有人想继续交流这个话题 and those of you who want to carry on dialogues more
那么请申请参加 just follow those of you who may be interested in pursuing this
明年三月在纽约召开的会议 were applying in conference next year in New York in March
我们将在会上讨论什么是有意义的教育 and talk about what is meaningful education
哪些理想可以在未来十年指导我们的教育发展 and ideals should guide education in the next decade
所以如果你们对这个主题感兴趣 So if you are interested in any subject matter
希望组织一些话题 but choose to build in on this whole topic of
如未来10年如何构建 how do we create values and a moral sense to
教育领域的价值观和伦理观 what education should be in the next 10 years
在你们离开之前我还有几句结束语 Can I have a little cadence now except people are leaving
感谢大家参与我的讨论 Can I thank you all for participating
见到你们真高兴 It's been good to see you
我希望能与你们再次相见 I hope to be able to be in touch with you again
感谢即将离开的人们 So thank you very much for those leaving
也感谢继续留在这里的你们 and those who are still here as well